1、题 目 存在主义视角下嘉莉妹妹中嘉莉的悲剧命运解读 AcknowledgmentsFirst and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Li Yahong, my supervisor, for his continuous support and helpful instruction, for his valuable and constructive advice through the development of my thesis. Without his generous instruction
2、 and painstaking revision, the thesis would have never been finished.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to all the professors and teachers in the College of Foreign Languages. They have given me generous instruction and kind encouragement during my study. And their inspiring guidance will contin
3、ue to have a profound impact on my study and my work.Special thanks should be given to my family for their support for me during all these years. Deep love, continuous support and expectation are always my strongest backbone whenever I am confronted with the challenges in my study and life.AbstractT
4、heodore Dreiser is one of the outstanding American realistic writers, who published his first successful novel Sister Carrie in 1900. Theodore Dreiser relates a story of Carrie s rise from a poor country girl to a famous actress in his masterpiece Sister Carrie. The novel sets the American metropoli
5、s at the turn of the 19th century and the 20th century as background. At this time, the United States was undergoing tremendous changes, the process of industrialization had changed people s way of life and had changed people s ideas and moral concepts. At that time, people s ideals and moral values
6、 had been seriously distorted, and people s success was not through hard work to get, and they blindly sought money. Especially for women, their bodies were the best means to gain success. The heroine Carrie of the novel, as the weakest woman in the bottom of society, she was inevitably tempted by t
7、he society of upholding money and materialism; and she was persecuted by the increasingly materialized and commercialized society. In such a dark society, in order to survive, Carrie had to step by step to compromise to the social reality, and had to sell her bodies and souls. Later, she succeeded b
8、y chance, but yet she had no the pleasure of success, and she would never feel the sense of happiness. She is a successful loser. This paper analyzes Carrie s tragic fate from the perspective of existentialism and aims to use the important concepts of existentialism to interpret Carrie s life experi
9、ences and further explore the cause of Carrie s life tragedy. The study reveals that people cannot get real happiness in the money-oriented society.Key words: tragedy; existentialism; absurd; freedom of choice; the relationship with other people摘 要西奥多德莱塞是美国杰出的自然主义作家之一，1900年发表的嘉莉妹妹是他的成名作。嘉莉妹妹讲述了一位农村女
10、孩到城市谋生最后成为名演员的故事。小说以19世纪初二十世纪末的美国大都市为背景。此时的美国正经历着巨大的变革，工业化的进程改变了人们的生活方式，也改变了人们的思想和道德观念。在那个时代人们的思想和道德观都发生了严重的扭曲，人们的成功不是通过辛勤劳动来获得，而是盲目的追求金钱。尤其是对于女人来说，自己的身体是获得成功的最好手段。小说的女主人公嘉莉，作为那个时代生活在社会最底层的弱女子，不可避免地被那个物欲横流的社会所诱惑，被那个日益物化和商品化的社会所迫害。在这样的一个黑暗社会里，嘉莉为了生存，不得不一步步向社会现实妥协，不得不出卖自己的身体和灵魂。后来一个偶然的机会她成功了，然而她却没有成功该
11、有的喜悦，她也永远体会不到幸福的感觉。她是一个成功的失败者。本文从存在主义角度分析嘉莉的悲剧命运，探究存在主义哲学的重要概念在她的悲惨的人生经历中的体现以及她的命运悲剧的原因。本研究揭示了以金钱为中心的社会中人们不可能得到真正的幸福。关键词：悲剧；存在主义；荒诞；自由选择；与他人关系Contents云南民族大学毕业论文(设计)原创性声明iAcknowledgementsiiAbstractii摘要iv1.Introduction11.1 A General Introduction of Dreiser11.2 A General Introduction of Sister Carrie31
12、.3 The Purpose of the Study42.Literature Review of Sister Carrie 62.1 Domestic Studies62.2 International Studies62.3 Critical Comments73.Existentialism Theory83.1 A Brief Introduction of Existentialism83.2 Existentialisms Contribution to the Study of Literary Works94.Anlysis of Carries Tragic Fate10
13、4.1 A Brief Introduction of Carries Tragic Fate104.2 Analysis of Carries Tragic Fate from the Perspective of Existentialism 114.2.1 Living Environment of the Absurdness114.2.2 Freedom of Choice134.2.3 The Relationship With Other People165.Conclusion20References211. IntroductionTheodore Dreiser is on
14、e of the most prominent writers in American literature history. His contributions to the American literature have been tremendous. As Dreisers first novel, Sister Carrie is a representative of naturalism. It has attracted a great number of critics since its publication in 1900.1.1 A General Introduc
15、tion of DreiserTheodore Dreiser is one of the most prominent literature figures in the American history of the 20th century literature, who published his first successful novel Sister Carrie in 1900. Dreiser s family background and personal experiences had a decisive influence on his literary creati
16、on. Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser (August 27,1871-December 28,1945) was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, grew up in poverty in a religious immigrant German family, ninth of ten children, and he was subjected to torture by his father s religious paranoia. “I was born poor, and sometimes in November and
