1、HIGH VOLTAGEENGINEERINGSecond EditionM S NaiduDepartment of High Voltage EngineeringIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreV KamarajuDepartment of Electrical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringJawaharlal Nehru Technological UniversityKakinadaMcGraw-HillNew York San Francisco Washington,D.C.Auckland Bogot
2、ACaracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City MilanMontreal New Delhi San Juan SingaporeSydney Tokyo TorontoMcGraw-Hill$7iX$A Division of The McGraw-Hill CompaniesFirst published 1995,Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company LimitedCopyright 1996 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rightsreserved.Printed in
3、 the United States of America.Except as permittedunder the United States Copyright Act of 1976,no part of this publica-tion may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,orstored in a data base or retrieval system,without the prior written per-mission of the publisher.1234567890 BKP/B
4、KP 90098765ISBN 0-07-462286-2Printed and bound by Quebecor/Book Press.Information contained in this work has been obtained byMcGraw-Hill,Inc.,from sources believed to be reliable.However,neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors guarantee theaccuracy or completeness of any information published herein,and
5、 neither McGraw-Hill nor its authors shall be responsible forany errors,omissions,or damages arising out of use of thisinformation.This work is published with the understanding thatMcGraw-Hill and its authors are supplying information but arenot attempting to render engineering or other professional
6、 ser-vices.If such services are required,the assistance of an appropri-ate professional should be sought.About the AuthorsM S NAIDU is Professor in the Department of High Voltage Engineering,IndianInstitute of Science,Bangalore.A Ph D from the University of Liverpool,heserved as a visiting scientist
7、 at the High Voltage Laboratory of the EindhovenUniversity of Technology,Netherlands.He has also lectured at many high voltagelaboratories in West Germany,Switzerland and France.Prof.Naidu is a Chartered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers(India)and also a Fellow of the National Ac
8、ademy of Engineering.His researchinterests include gaseous insulation,circuit breaker arcs,pollution under HVDCetc.He has published many research papers and has authored Advances in HighVoltage Breakdown and Arc Interruption in SF6 and Vacuum(Pergamon Press,1981).V KAMARAJU obtained his Ph D in High
9、 Voltage Engineering from the IndianInstitute of Science,Bangalore and is currently a Professor of Electrical Engineeringat the Engineering College,Kakinada,Andhra Pradesh.He has done extensiveresearch in the area of liquid and solid dielectrics,composite insulation and partialdischarge.He is a Char
10、tered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers(India).He has published many research papers and has been a consultant tovarious industries and to the Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Board.JTC/u*(onidcfaen,May their world be filledwith understanding,love and peacePrefaceThe demand for t
11、he generation and transmission of large amounts of electricpower today,necessitates its transmission at extra-high voltages.In the developedcountries like USA,power transmission voltages have reached 765 kV or 1100 kV,and 1500 kV systems are also being built.In our country,400 kV a.c.powersystems ha
12、ve already come into operation,and in another 10 years time everystate is expected to be linked by a National Power Grid operating at 400 kV or at800 kV.At this juncture,a practising electrical engineer or a student of electricalengineering is expected to possess a knowledge of high voltage techniqu
13、es andshould have sufficient background in high voltage engineering.Unfortunately,at present only very few textbooks in high voltage engineering are available,compared to those in other areas of electrical engineering;even among these,nosingle book has covered broadly the entire range of topics in h
14、igh voltage engineeringand presented the material in a lucid manner.Therefore,an attempt has been madein this book,to bring together different topics in high voltage engineering to serveas a single semester course for final year undergraduate students or postgraduatestudents studying this subject Th
15、is book is also intended to serve power engineersin industry who are involved in the design and development of electrical equipmentand also engineers in the electricity supply and utility establishments.It providesall the latest information on insulating materials,breakdown phenomena,overvoltages,an
16、d testing techniques.The material in this book has been organized into five sections,namely,(i)insulating materials and their applications in electrical and electronic engineering,(h)breakdown phenomena in insulating materialssolids,liquids,and gases,(iii)generation and measurement of high d.c.,ax.,and impulse voltages and currents,(iv)overvoltage phenomena in electrical power transmission systems and insulationcoordination,and(v)high voltage testing techniques,testing of apparatus andequipment,
