1、摘 要如今，建筑信息模型在整个土木工程行业都受到广泛使用，并获得好评。因为它可以统筹安排所有子项目，并将各类信息统一到一个模型中，有利于提高工作人员的效率。然而BIM在高校中涉及的并不多，还没有广泛普及。本次毕业设计相比其他毕业设计，课题较为新颖也较有挑战性。该毕业设计尝试以BIM作为创新点，进行项目的建筑设计，同时还利用其他软件需要进行结构设计。本次毕业设计的的目的就是利用建筑信息模型对某一山村别墅进行详细的建筑设计，并分别通过手算与电算完成乡村别墅的结构设计。在建筑设计方面，首先在确定建筑面积的基础上讨论建筑尺寸，房间布置，在确定建筑图纸后，再针对性的进行BIM建模，主要使用Revit软件
2、，实现了三维建模。在使用Revit的过程中，每一步都至关重要，不容有错，因为一个部位出错就会导致某一处无法正常建模。当然也正是如此，用Revit构建出的三维模型更加的直观，精准，操作起来也更加的高效便捷。之后，便可利用Revit出CAD图纸，包括各平面图，立面图，剖面图，详图等等。在结构设计方面，首先进行手算。在手算阶段，本次毕业设计只选取一榀框架进行计算。其中包括基本的结构选型、侧移验算、内力计算，也包括了较为复杂的内力组合、截面设计与配筋计算等等。随后，进入电算部分，电算部分要求使用结构分析软件PKPM进行整栋别墅的结构设计，并将电算结果与手算结果进行比较，保证误差在允许范围以内。最后，根
3、据结构设计的结果绘制基础、梁、板、柱结构施工图。本次毕业设计综合运用CAD、PKPM、Revit等多种专业软件，计算量大，有一定难度。关键词： BIM；乡村别墅；建筑设计；结构设计；RevitAbstractIn recent years, building information model has been widely used and been highly assessed in the whole field of civil engineering not only because it can co-ordinate all subprojects and integrate
4、all kinds of information into a model, but also owing to its high efficiency for staff. However, BIM does not involve much in colleges and universities and has not yet been widely popularized. Compared with other graduate design, this graduation project is more innovative and challenging. This gradu
5、ation project, for the first time, uses BIM as an innovative point to design architectural part of this project, and also uses other softwares for structural design. The purpose of this graduation project is to use building information model to carry out detailed architectural design of a mountain v
6、illage villa, and complete the structural design of rural villa by manual calculation and electrical calculation respectively.Firstly, in terms of architectural design, discuss the construction area and layout of the room based on the size of building. After completing architectural drawings, buildi
7、ng information model is made by Revit in order to realizing 3D model. Each step is critical in the process of using Revit, and there can be no mistake because a mistake in one place can lead to an abnormal modeling. And because of this, the three-dimensional model built by Revit is more intuitive, a
8、ccurate, and more efficient and convenient to operate. After that, you can use Revit to draw CAD drawings, including plans, elevations, sections, detailed drawingsIn the aspect of structural design, the manual calculation is carried out first. In the manual calculation stage, this graduation project
9、 only selects one piece of frame to carry on the computation. Including the basic structure selection, lateral displacement check, internal force calculation, including complicated internal force combination, section design and reinforcement calculation, and so on. Then, come to electrical calculati
10、on part, the calculation part requires the structural analysis software PKPM for the whole villa structure design, and the calculation results and manual calculation results are compared, to ensure that the error is within the allowable range. Finally, according to the results of structural design,
11、draw the foundation, beam, plate and column construction drawings.The graduation project uses CAD, PKPM, Revit and other professional softwares. Besides, the calculation is large and difficult.Key words: building information model; villa in mountain village; architectural design; structural design;
12、Revit;目 录摘 要IAbstractII第一章 建筑与结构设计资料11.1 设计条件11.1.1 设计使用年限11.1.2 抗震设防11.1.3 地质资料11.1.4 设计标高11.1.5 气象条件11.1.6 活荷载标准值1 1.1.7 场地类别1 1.1.8 门窗尺寸.1第二章 结构设计方案22.1结构选型22.2确定计算简图32.3构件截面估选32.4 竖向荷载统计72.4.1 竖向横载标准值统计72.4.2 竖向活载标准值统计122.5 风荷载计算及侧移验算132.5.1 风荷载计算132.5.2 框架侧向刚度计算142.5.3 风荷载下框架侧移验算162.6 水平地震作用计算及
13、侧移验算162.6.1 总侧向刚度计算162.6.2 重力荷载代表值计算162.6.3 水平地震作用计算172.6.4 水平地震作用下框架侧移验算19第三章 内力计算193.1 内力计算103.1.1 竖向恒载作用下的内力计算193.1.2 竖向活载作用下的内力计算293.1.3 风恒载作用下的内力计算403.1.4 水平地震作用下的内力计算433.2 内力组合473.2.1 梁控制截面内力组合523.2.2 柱控制截面内力组52第四章 截面设计与配筋计算614.1 框架柱截面设计614.1.1 柱正截面受压承载力计算614.1.2 柱斜截面受剪承载力计算634.2 框架梁截面设计654.2.
14、1 梁正截面受弯承载力计算654.2.2 梁斜截面受剪承载力计算664.3 框架梁柱节点核心区截面抗震验算684.4 楼梯设计714.5 基础设计73第五章 PKPM电算结果785.1 建筑结构总信息785.2 周期、地震力与振型825.3 位移输出文件835.4 电算与手算结果对比845.4.1 恒荷载作用下框架梁弯矩对比845.4.2 活荷载作用下框架梁弯矩对比845.4.3 底层柱最大轴力对比85参考文献85致 谢85V第一章 建筑与结构设计资料1.1 设计条件1.1.1设计使用年限设计使用年限50年，使用年限调整系数1.1.2 抗震设防抗震设防烈度：7度，地震基本加速度为：0.10g，
15、设计地震组为：第三组，框架结构为：三级抗震等级1.1.3 地质资料天然地基， fak=300kPa1.1.4 设计标高室内设计标高0.00，室内外高差300mm1.1.5气象条件 基本风压：0.4 KN/m2，基本雪压：0.35 KN/m21.1.6 活荷载标准值楼面：0.5 KN/m2，不上人屋面：0.5 KN/m2，楼梯：3.5 KN/m21.1.7 场地类别II类场地土1.1.8 门窗尺寸门窗尺寸：C0815: 8001500mm C1515: 15001500mm C1815: 18001500mm M0921: 9002100mm M0921: 9002100mm M2422: 24002200mm M0821: 8002100
