1、46中国CT和MRI杂志2023年02月 第21卷 第02期 总第160期【第一作者】魏来,男,副主任医师,主要研究方向:影像诊断。E-mail:【通讯作者】魏来论 著Analysis for Identification of CT in Thyroid Nodules with Benign and Malignant CalcificationWEI Lai1,*,WANG Wei2,DONG Hui-ling2,Yin Ren-jie2.1.Department of Radiology,Tianchang Hospital of traditional Chinese medicin
2、e,Anhui Province Tianchang 239300,China2.Department of imaging,Tianchang Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine,Anhui Province Tianchang 239300,ChinaABSTRACTObjective Tostudy the identification of CT in thyroid nodules with benign and malignant calcification.Methods Ninety-eight patients with thyr
3、oid nodule calcification from July 2018 to June 2020 in our hospital were selected as the research objects.Their CT signs were analyzed and compared with the pathological examination results.Results CT examination showed 67 benign nodules among 98 patients,with a total of 102 calcified nodules.31 ca
4、ses of malignant nodules,a total of 75 calcified nodules.The difference between the maximum diameter of calcification,A/T,calcification location,calcification edge,calcification nature,calcification thickness,and continuity of calcification in benign and malignant nodules was statistically significa
5、nt(P0.05).Pathological examination results showed that among 67 cases of benign nodules,29 were nodular goiters,7 were benign thyroid tumors,9 were thyroid cysts,and 22 were thyroiditis.Among the 31 malignant nodules,13 were papillary thyroid carcinoma,4 were medullary thyroid carcinoma,8 were folli
6、cular thyroid carcinoma,and 6 were undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma.The results of CT examination showed that among 67 benign nodules,31 were nodular goiter,7 were benign thyroid tumors,6 were thyroid cysts,and 23 were thyroiditis.Among the 31 cases of malignant nodules,14 were papillary thyroid c
7、arcinoma,4 were medullary thyroid carcinoma,7 were follicular thyroid carcinoma,and 6 were undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma.Taking pathological examination results as the standard,the sensitivity of CT examination was 76.47%,specificity was 92.19%,positive predictive value was 83.87%,negative pred
8、ictive value was 88.06%,and accuracy rate was 86.73%.Conclusion CT has a high value in the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules with calcification.The nature of nodules can be analyzed based on the specific signs and pathological results of calcified nodules.Keywords:CT;Calcificat
9、ion of Thyroid Nodules;Benign;Malignant;Pathological Results甲状腺结节是甲状腺细胞异常增生、甲状腺炎症、甲状腺功能亢进或免疫疾病等导致甲状腺内部出现肿块的疾病,少部分患者通过触诊就可检出,大多数病例不会有任何症状,仅有结节在吞咽动作间,随甲状腺上下移动的表现1。甲状腺结节多为良性病变,但常规诊断方式对良恶性结节的敏感度和特异度仍有不足,尤其是对存在钙化的患者,如何辨别细颗粒钙化、粗大颗粒钙化等,对后续治疗方式的选择,患者内分泌激素的调节及饮食控制都十分重要2。MRI有较的高软组织分辨率,可从任意切面对病灶进行全方位的扫描,利用质子的流
10、动效应,清晰显示血管,但不能完全显示钙化及骨病灶3。CT不仅有较高的空间分辨率,且对钙化、骨组织退变有独特优势,可充分显示重叠组织的病理、生理结构,检查时间相对MRI短,不易受运动伪影干扰,费用更低4。陈海桃等5的研究也表明,CT对甲状腺结节粗颗粒钙化及钙化位置的显示,是区分结节性质的重要征象。基于此,本文对CT在甲状腺结节钙化良恶性中的鉴别作用进行分析,为临床提高甲状腺结节钙化恶性早期诊断率及治疗率提供依据。1 对象和方法1.1 研究对象 选择本院2018年7月到2020年6月98例甲状腺结节钙化患者作为研究对象。其中男16例,女82例;年龄1981岁,平均51.3岁;病程8个月7年,平均(
11、4.30.9)年。纳入标准:非哺乳期、妊娠期女性,研究已经本院伦理委员会审核批准;经血清促甲状腺激素(Thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)、甲状腺功能、手术病理检查等检查确诊为甲状腺钙化结节;年龄18岁,无精神病史;无甲状腺治疗史或手术史。排除标准:长期使用激素药物者;合并食道、鼻腔、颅脑等部恶性肿瘤;心、脑、肝、肾等重要组织器官严重功能障碍;对造影剂过敏、生命体征不稳或临床资料不全者。1.2 CT检查 患者取仰卧位,颈肩下垫一软枕,以充分暴露颈部;采用西门子SOMATOM Definition Flash64及GE BrightSpeed 16CT进行检查,扫描范
12、围为锁骨上缘到下颌角;扫描参数:管电压120kV,管电流100120mA,Spd30mm/S,重建层距及层厚3.0mm,采集时间3648s。增强扫描:通过高压注射器经肘静脉注射对比剂碘海醇100mL,速率3mL/s,动脉期扫描结束后30s后,开始静脉期扫描,监测阈值100HU。CT对甲状腺结节钙化良恶性的鉴别作用分析魏 来1,*王 伟2 董慧玲2尹仁杰21.安徽省天长市中医院放射科 (安徽 天长 239300)2.天长市中医院影像科(安徽 天长 239300)【摘要】目的 研究CT对甲状腺结节钙化良恶性的鉴别作用。方法 选择本院2018年7月到2020年6月98例甲状腺结节钙化患者作为研究对象
13、,分析其CT征象,并与病理检查结果进行对比。结果 CT检查显示98例患者中良性结节67例,共钙化结节102个;恶性结节31例,共钙化结节75个。良恶性结节钙化最大径、A/T、钙化部位、钙化边缘、钙化性质、钙化厚薄、钙化连续性比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。病理检查结果显示,67例良性结节中结节性甲状腺肿29例、甲状腺良性肿瘤7例、甲状腺囊肿9例、甲状腺炎22例;31例恶性结节中甲状腺乳头状癌13例、甲状腺髓样癌4例、甲状腺滤泡状癌8例、甲状腺未分化癌6例。CT检查结果显示,67例良性结节中结节性甲状腺肿31例、甲状腺良性肿瘤7例、甲状腺囊肿6例、甲状腺炎23例;31例恶性结节中甲状腺乳
14、头状癌14例、甲状腺髓样癌4例、甲状腺滤泡状癌7例、甲状腺未分化癌6例。以病理检查结果为标准,CT检查的敏感度为76.47%、特异度为92.19%、阳性预测值为83.87%、阴性预测值为88.06%、准确率为86.73%。结论 CT对甲状腺结节钙化良恶性的鉴别具有较高价值,临床可根据钙化结节的具体征象及病理结果进行结节性质分析。【关键词】CT;甲状腺结节钙化;良性;恶性;病 理结果【中图分类号】R445.3【文献标识码】A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5131.2023.02.017 47CHINESE JOURNAL OF CT AND MRI,FEB.2023,Vol.
15、21,No.02 Total No.1601.3 图像分析 由2名影像科专业医师一同进行CT图像分析,包括结节钙化数量、钙化最大径、结节和皮肤垂直的最大径和结节与皮肤平行的最大径之比(即纵横比A/T)、钙化类型、钙化部位、钙化边缘、钙化性质(钙化直径2mm为细颗粒钙化,钙化直径2mm为粗颗粒钙化)、钙化厚薄、钙化连续性、晕环、密度。1.4 病理检查 取患者的手术病理标本经免疫组化染色,在高倍镜下进行观察,通过分析标本的细胞分化程度、染色情况、组织结构等进行甲状腺结节钙化性质判断6:(1)良性结节:包括结节性甲状腺肿、亚急性甲状腺炎引起的炎性结节、甲状腺良性肿瘤、甲状腺囊肿等;(2)恶性结节:包
16、括甲状腺乳头状癌、甲状腺髓样癌、甲状腺滤泡状癌、甲状腺未分化癌等。1.5 统计学分析 用EpiData3.1软件校正所有数据,采取SPSS 22.0处理;“n(%)”形式录入计数资料,并以2检验;“(-s)”形式录入计量资料,结果用t检验;检验水准:P0.05示差异有统计学意义。以病理检查结果为标准,分析CT的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率。敏感度=真阳性/(真阳性+假阴性)100%;特异度=真阴性/(真阴性+假阳性)100%;阳性预测值=真阳性/(真阳性+假阳性)100%;阴性预测值=真阴性/(真阴性+假阴性)100%;准确率=(真阳性+真阴性)/总人数100%。2 结 果2.2 CT征象分析 CT检查显示98例患者中良性结节67例,共钙化结节102个;恶性结节31例,共钙化结节75个。良恶性结节钙化最大径、A/T、钙化部位、钙化边缘、钙化性质、钙化厚薄、钙化连续性比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),见表1。2.2 病理检查与CT检查比较 病理检查结果显示,67例良性结节中结节性甲状腺肿29例、甲状腺良性肿瘤7例、甲状腺囊肿9例、甲状腺炎22例;31例恶性结节中甲