1、分类号: G8 单位代码: 10335 学 号: 硕士学位论文中文论文题目 : 李荣祥多年训练过程专项成绩变化及运动损伤的训练学分析英文论文题目:The sports training analysis of Li Rongxiangs athletic performance variation and injury through years of training申请人姓名: 指导教师: 专业学位类别: 专业学位领域: 运动训练 所在学院: 教育学院 论文提交日期 摘 要本研究以我国优秀标枪运发动李荣祥个体为观察单位,以标枪专项成绩、运动损伤,及损伤后的恢复训练为研究变量,深入调查、详细
2、收集事实材料,分析其多年运动训练过程标枪专项成绩变化的特征,标枪专项成绩变化与运动损伤的因果关系,以及运动损伤后的恢复训练特征,旨在为丰富标枪训练理论与实践提供参考。本研究以运动训练学为依托,通过对李荣祥本人和三位原任带队教练走访调查,以及对李荣祥标枪训练与竞赛进行系统的观察,运用文献资料、专家访谈、个案分析、逻辑分析等方法,在定量与定性分析的根底上,得出以下研究结论:1、李荣祥多年训练过程专项成绩变化有着鲜明的阶段性,其特征:第一阶段专项成绩起点高、训练提高幅度大、增长持续时间长;第二阶段专项成绩下降幅度大,低迷状态持续时间长;第三阶段专项成绩达历史最顶峰;第四阶段专项成绩逐渐下降,并有起伏
3、。属于早期发现,早期培养,大器晚成型运发动;2、李荣祥多年训练过程专项成绩变化与运动损伤有着直接的因果关系,也是导致其大器晚成的主要归因;3、不合理的专项大运动量训练负荷,及标枪最后用力阶段的技术动作不合理,是造成李荣祥多年训练过程肘关节、腰部、膝关节损伤的主要成因;4、李荣祥伤病后复出重返赛场,并取得优异专项成绩,取决于三种个人因素、二种社会因素和三种训练因素。三种个人因素是:敬业精神和人生追求,及坚强的心理承受能力。二种社会因素是:社会保障和不断学习的平台。三种训练因素是:小量高强度的训练负荷匹配,重视专项能力和身体恢复性训练,以及合理的比赛周期安排;5、李荣祥伤病恢复性训练成功的经验是善
4、于从认知层面切入,并妥善处理伤后恢复性训练的时机、训练内容及训练负荷。关键词:李荣祥、标枪、专项成绩、阶段特征、损伤、恢复ABSTRACTThe current research focused on the performance and injury of the outstanding javelin athlete Li Rongxiang. We collected years of his detailed performance and injury data, carried out thorough investigations. Through methodically a
5、nalysis of his multi-year performance data, as well as the correlation of his performance and injury, our research revealed the progress of becoming an excellent javelin athlete and thus came up with the characteristics of javelin athletes training procedure. The current research collected data thro
6、ugh literature research, individual case analysis and interview with experts to analyze and investigate Li Rongxiangs multi-year training process. We interviewed his three major coaches throughout his athletic career, collected additional information through literature research. The final analysis a
7、nd conclusions were reached by individual case investigation. Our current research came up with following conclusions: 1. Li Rongxiang had talent as an outstanding javelin athlete. The early career training was very solid and effective, which laid the foundation for his later success. 2. The drop of
8、 is performance in his second stage of his career was mainly due to the sports injury caused by overload training. 3. Since 1998, his training load was adjusted to his individual characteristics. His performance was drastically improved. And his high performance was maintained for a period of years.
9、 This improvement and maintenance of his performance certainly reflects the law of proper training. 4. His injury was mainly caused by the improper exercise load and incorrect movement. And the major reason for the drop of his performance was the sports injury. 5. The recovery of Li Rongxiangs waist
10、 and elbow injury went relatively well because of the proper training arrangement after injury. On the other hand, he recovered rather slowly from his knee injury, which now is the major obstacle in bring him back to normal training processes. Keywords: Li Rongxiang, javelin, individual performance,
11、 stage characteristics, injury and recovery目 次致谢ABSTRACT1 绪论51.1 研究动机5 1.2 研究目的61.3 研究问题61.4 研究范围与限制61.5 相关概念界定72 文献综述7 2.1 个案分析研究7 2.2 运发动全程多年训练研究9 2.3 运发动多年训练负荷及周期安排研究 10 2.4 运发动运动损伤及伤后恢复训练研究 113 研究对象与方法 133.1 研究对象 133.2 研究方法 144 研究结果与分析154.1 李荣祥多年训练过程专项成绩变化的特征 154.2 李荣祥多年训练过程运动损伤的训练学分析 234.3 李荣祥运
12、动损伤后的康复训练评析 275 结论 29参考文献 30附录 33作者简介 341 绪论1.1 研究动机个案研究是指对某个个体或某种行为单一案例的深入调查,其目的是探索行为或事物之间的关系。在竞技体育领域,个案研究有助于对运发动个体规律的探讨,尤其是优秀运发动在特殊情景下的个人开展历程,以及在这种历程中表现出来的运动训练、运动竞赛、运动选材、运动管理特征,往往具有很高的体育科学研究价值,因而,个案研究不仅对培养高层次优秀运发动具有重要的指导作用,同时,还能对丰富运动训练理论与实践作出重要奉献。李荣祥(见图1.1),男,汉族,出生于1972年1月18日,籍贯浙江省长兴县,身高米,体重80公斤,现
13、我国男子标枪纪录保持者。1985年参加长兴县体校田径队业余训练,之后入选湖州市体校田径队投掷组,1986年入选浙江省体育运动学校,经过四年的标枪专项根底训练,于1990年入选浙江省体工大队田径队,从事于专业标枪工程训练,到如今还驰骋在国内外田坛。24年的竞技运动训练和竞赛,李荣祥经历了从县、市、省三级体校,及省专业队和国家队的系统训练,是典型的我国三级训练体系培养产物;运动水平从一个默默无闻的少年,培养成为国际运动健将,同时,还创造了我国标枪少年纪录、我国标枪青年纪录、我国标枪成年纪录、亚洲标枪青年纪录,并代表我国参加了一届奥运会田径赛(2022希腊奥运会)、一届世界杯田径赛(2022年)、四届世界田径锦标赛(1999年、2022年、2022年、2023年),荣获了2022 年世界田径锦标赛男子标枪第九名、2022 年世界杯田径赛第六名的优异运动成绩;此外,还获得1998年第十三届亚运会标枪铜牌,2022年第十四届亚运会标枪金牌,2022亚洲田径锦标赛男子标枪冠军,2023年第十五届亚运会铜牌;并且在2022年、2023年的第九、第十届全运会,连续两届蝉联男子标枪金牌,是当之无愧的