1、798CUBE 美术馆798CUBE ART MUSEUM设计:朱锫建筑设计事务所地点:北京市朝阳区Design:Studio Zhu Pei Location:Chaoyang District,Beijing特辑:工业遗存,价值重塑Feature:ReshapingtheValueofIndustrialHeritage118主入口 Main entrance 朱润资 ZHU Runzi1192022.9 建筑实践ArchitecturalPractice798CUBE 美术馆是一个改造项目,位于 798 艺术区内,与毗邻的佩斯美术馆和民生现代美术馆一道,是朱锫建筑近些年来以工业遗产为主题
2、的一系列实验性的创作实践。美术馆的构思始于对特定地段环境敏感深入的观察,尽最大的可能保留原有老的工业厂房,在此基础上,再注入新的建筑,从而塑造出新老建筑之间的张力,并与周边工业建筑彼此缝合,相互补充。美术馆的设计遵循原有工业遗产的肌理,采用一系列的“盒子”空间,塑造正交几何形体的秩序。一方面,这些盒子空间严格地按照原有老厂房建筑的基础和轮廓排布;另一方面,也映射 798 地区工业厂房平铺直叙的规划思想与朴素的建造逻辑。特别值得一提的是如有魔术般可变的中心院落,它的轮廓也是按照原有装卸货空场而界定的,南侧借助一道独立的现浇混凝土高墙,将佩斯美术馆西侧的广场区隔开,在强化自身内向的领域感的同时,也
3、将原有的、被厂房三面围合的装卸货空场转换成相对封闭的中心院落,巨大的钢梁式滑动吊车横跨在南北的混凝土墙上,它不仅可以悬挂艺术装置,也是张拉一个个自然下垂、近似反拱、形态可变的帆布的机械牵引装置。根据天气、阳光角度,这些反拱形态的帆布可以任意开合,遮阳避雨。独立混凝土墙体上藏有可以水平移动的大门,以利于超大艺术装置运输到院落中。中心院落是人流聚集的场所、开幕式的场地,也是户外展场。美术馆的设计再次探索了无柱、水平延伸的结构形式和材料的表现力。新建造的两个展厅都采用无柱大跨现浇混凝土结构,一个采用巨大的倒拱式曲面横梁,伴随着自然天光从比邻的两个拱之间漫射下来,也和中心院落的形似倒拱的帆布的机械装置
4、相呼应。从结构角度上看,倒拱式曲面横梁被两侧的混凝土结构剪力墙体所支撑,展厅内部的白色美术馆墙与倒拱式曲面横梁留有一定宽度的缝隙,可以清晰地表达结构体系和受力关系;另一个是混凝土密肋式大跨橫梁结构体系,密肋横梁薄而高,凸显钢筋混凝土结构和材料特性。在新建造的两个展厅与老的红砖厂房之间,插入了一个近 14m 高、有着自然天光的垂直竖向的立方柱体空间,东侧是中性的白色墙体,北和西侧是老的红砖砌筑墙体,南侧是宽大透明的客货两用电梯,它近似美术馆内部空间的中枢,连接着位于不同标高的空间。它又像一个光井,直接插在建筑最深、暗的部位。当人们置身于此,可以清晰地感知新旧建筑之间的关系以及各个空间的标高变化。
5、一个薄薄清水混凝土“天桥”伴随着高低变化的踏步,游离于四面的墙体,蜿蜒螺旋而下,逐渐演变成楼梯,把门厅、上层展厅、报告厅前厅、下层展厅自然连接在一起。视线穿越透明玻璃的客货两用电梯,可以看到艺术品在装卸货区域的工作状态,是一次将美术馆背后神秘的工作场景融入公共空间的尝试。美术馆的设计也捕捉了 798 工业厂房的材料特点,以朴素的现浇混凝土、红砖为主要材料,着力突出这两种材料在结构形式与围护墙体之间的交接、转换的建造特点,蕴含着 798 工业建筑所特有的建构文化。业主北京七星华电科技集团有限 责任公司主持建筑师朱锫设计团队Shuhei Nakamura、由昌臣、张顺、刘伶、王立言、贾彬、丁新月、
6、常江室内、景观设计朱锫建筑设计事务所结构、机电顾问中国美术学院风景建筑设计研究院照明顾问北京宁之境照明设计有限责任公司总承建商邯郸第二建筑安装有限公司基地面积3,321 m2建筑面积3,541 m2设计周期2015.82016.8建造周期2017.42020.12改造前室内 Site interior before renovation 朱锫建筑设计事务所 Studio Zhu Pei朱锫草图 ZHU Peis sketches 朱锫建筑设计事务所 Studio Zhu Pei改造前广场 Square before renovation 朱锫建筑设计事务所 Studio Zhu Pei120特
7、辑:工业遗存,价值重塑Feature:ReshapingtheValueofIndustrialHeritage1 798CUBE 美术馆2 北京民生现代美术馆3 佩斯美术馆1 798CUBE Art Museum2 Minsheng Museum of Modern Art3 Pace Art Museum总平面图 Site planN0 1050m20从入口看向盒院 View from the main entrance to He courtyard 朱润资 ZHU Runzi1321212022.9 建筑实践ArchitecturalPractice盒院 He courtyard 朱润
8、资 ZHU Runzi主展厅 Main exhibition 金伟琦 JIN Weiqi122特辑:工业遗存,价值重塑Feature:ReshapingtheValueofIndustrialHeritage从广场看向美术馆 View from square to the museum 朱润资 ZHU Runzi地下一层平面图 Basement floor plan一层平面图 First floor plan1 序厅2 主展厅3 设备用房4 工具间5 门厅6 盒院1 Foyer2 Main exhibition3 Equipment room4 Tool room5 Lobby6 Courty
9、ard7 Art retail8 Kitchen9 Restaurant10 Children art education11 Exhibition/lecture hall12 Monitoring room7 艺术商品8 厨房9 主题餐厅10 儿童艺术教育11 展厅/报告厅12 监控室13 办公14 存衣15 卫生间16 装卸货和仓库17 走廊18 包厢13 Office14 Coat check15 Restroom16 Unloading and storage17 Corridor18 Private room5126789101112133141517181614051 025mN
10、412331232022.9 建筑实践ArchitecturalPractice剖面图 SectionCLIENTBeijing Qixing Huadian Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.CHIEF ARCHITECTZHU PeiDESIGN TEAMShuhei Nakamura,YOU Changchen,ZHANG Shun,LIU Ling,WANG Liyan,JIA Bin,DING Xinyue,CHANG JiangINTERIOR&LANDSCAPE DESIGNStudio Zhu PeiSTRUCTURAL&MEP DESIGNThe
11、Design Institute of Landscape&Architecture China Academy of ArtLIGHTING CONSULTANTNing Field Lighting Design Co.,Ltd.MAIN CONTRACTORHandan Second Building Institute Co.,Ltd.SITE AREA3,321 m2GROSS FLOOR AREA3,541 m2DESIGN PERIOD2015.82016.8CONSTRUCTION PERIOD2017.42020.12798CUBE Art Museum,a renovati
12、on project,is located inside 798 Art Zone adjacent to Pace Art Museum and Minsheng Museum of Modern Art,both were also designed by ZHU Pei in 2009 and 2016 separately.The idea of the art museum begins with the sensitive and in-depth observation of surroundings in a specific area,and the original old
13、 industrial plants are retained as many as possible.On this basis,new buildings are injected,so as to create the tension between the new and old buildings,and complement each other with surrounding industrial buildings.The design of the art museum traces the texture of the original industrial herita
14、ge,adopts a series of cubes to shape the order of orthogonal geometric shapes and reflects the construction and planning logic of 798 Art Zone.It is particularly worth men-tioning that the magically variable central courtyard transforms the original square surrounded by the 3 sides of industrial pla
15、nts into a relatively closed central courtyard with the help of an independent cast-in-situ concrete wall.The huge steel beam sliding crane spans the concrete walls from north to south.It can not only hang art installations,but also a mechanical traction device,which opens canvas with natural droopi
16、ng,approximate inverted arch and variable shape one by one.According to the weather and sunshine angle,these inverted arch canvas can be opened and closed at will for shad-ing and rain protection.It is a place where people gather,a venue for the opening ceremony and an outdoor exhibition.Once again,the design concept explored columnless,horizontally extended structural forms and tectonic expressiveness.The 2 newly built exhi-bition halls adopt the columnless long-span cast-in-situ concrete struc