1、赵晓芬，温增平.2023.近断层速度脉冲型地震动识别方法研究综述.地球与行星物理论评（中英文），54（5）：532-540.doi：10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-072.ZhaoXF,WenZP.2023.Reviewoftheidentificationofnear-faultvelocitypulse-likestronggroundmotions.ReviewsofGeophysicsandPlanetaryPhysics,54(5):532-540(inChinese).doi:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-072.近断层速度脉冲型地震动识别方法研究综述赵晓
2、芬，温增平*中国地震局地球物理研究所，北京100081摘要：速度脉冲型地震动对近断层区域工程结构有特殊的破坏作用，是造成近断层区域震害的主要影响因素之一.开展近断层速度脉冲型地震动研究对揭示近断层区域工程结构的地震破坏机理、开展抗震设防以及抗震设计具有重要价值.速度脉冲的有效识别是关键环节，主要历经定性、半定量、定量的过程.其中定量识别方法具有可重复性、可批量处理等优点，越来越受到广泛认可和应用.然而目前定量速度脉冲识别方法尚未有统一的、明确的判别原则.本文从识别条件、基本原理、关键步骤、应用范围等方面系统总结并详细介绍了目前国内外常用的三类定量速度脉冲识别方法，即基于连续小波变换的速度脉冲识
3、别方法、基于能量的速度脉冲识别方法以及多速度脉冲定量识别方法，并推荐了这三类方法中的代表方法，分析了其优缺点.分析指出速度脉冲识别方法的不同，本质是速度脉冲主要特征波形的提取手段以及量化的判别标准的不同.各种方法都有自身的优势，但由于速度脉冲记录波形的不稳定性，没有任何一种方法可以达到百分之百的识别率.此外，现有的定量识别方法都是基于信号处理方法和脉冲特性基本原理，并未考虑速度脉冲产生机制.因此需要综合上述三点来综合判别速度脉冲，形成完善的脉冲判别体系.最后，探讨了定量的速度脉冲识别方法进一步提升的关键问题和研究重点.关键词：近断层速度脉冲；定量识别方法；连续小波变换；能量识别；多速度脉冲do
4、i：10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-072中图分类号：P315.9文献标识码：AReview of the identification of near-fault velocitypulse-like strong ground motionsZhaoXiaofen,WenZengping*InstituteofGeophysics,ChinaEarthquakeAdministration,Beijing100081,ChinaAbstract:Strongpulse-likegroundmotionshavecausedextensivedamagetomanyenginee
5、ringstructuresandareoneofthemainfactorsinfluencingearthquakedamageinnear-faultregions.Therefore,itisnecessarytostudynear-faultvelocitypulse-likegroundmotionstorevealtheseismicfailuremechanismofengineeringstructuresinnear-faultareasandtocarryoutseismicfortificationandseismicdesign.Thekeystepistheeffe
6、ctiveidentificationofstrongpulse-likegroundmotions.Thestrongpulse-likegroundmotionsidentifiedinpreviousstudieshavetypical-lybeenselectedbysubjectivejudgment,becausethevelocity-timehistoryofthegroundmotionisdominatedbyalargepulse.Theselectionofpulse-likegroundmotionsusingtheseapproachesrequiresacerta
7、inlevelofjudgment.However,theclassificationmaynotbeobviousformanygroundmotions.Numerousresearchershaveattemptedtocapturepulse-likefeaturesusingdifferentapproaches,ofwhichsimplepulsemodels,knownassemi-quantitative收稿日期：20221031；录用日期：20221208基金项目：国家重点研发资助项目（2020YFA0710603）；中国地震局地球物理研究所基本业务费（DQJB21K44）S
8、upportedbytheNationalKeyResearchandDevelopmentProject(GrantNo.2020YFA0710603)andtheSpecialFundoftheInsti-tuteofGeophysics,ChinaEarthquakeAdministration(GrantNo.DQJB21K44)第一作者：赵晓芬（1988-），女，助理研究员，主要从事强地面运动特性、地震动模拟的研究.E-mail：*通信作者：温增平（1964-），男，研究员，主要从事强地面运动、工程结构地震易损性分析、城市地震危险性及灾害风险分析、地震巨灾模型的研究.E-mail：w
9、enzpcea-第54卷第5期地球与行星物理论评（中英文）Vol.54No.52023年9月ReviewsofGeophysicsandPlanetaryPhysicsSep.,2023methods,arecommonlyused.However,onelimitationofsemi-quantitativeapproachesisthatmostdonotprovideaquantitativepulse-detectionscheme;thatis,theclassificationofpulse-likegroundmotionsmaynotbeeasilyre-producible
10、.Manyquantitativeclassificationmethodsforpulse-likegroundmotionshavebeendeveloped.Thesequantitativeclassificationsprovideelectroniclibrariesofrecordedgroundmotions,liststatisticsindicatingwhetheragivengroundmotioncontainsavelocitypulse,andhelpthescienceandengineeringcommunitiestoaccessthesegroundmot
11、ionsandstudytheireffectsforresearchorpracticalapplications.Inbrief,theidentificationmethodsforstrongvelocitypulse-likegroundmotionshaveundergonequalitative,semi-quantitative,andquantitativedevelop-mentprocesses.Amongthesemethods,thequantitativeidentificationmethodhastheadvantagesofrepeatabilityandba
12、tchprocessingandisincreasinglyrecognizedandapplied.However,thereisnouniformanddefiniteclassi-ficationprincipleforquantitativevelocitypulserecognitionmethods.Inthispaper,threetypesofquantitativeiden-tificationmethodscommonlyusedforvelocitypulsesaresystematicallysummarizedandintroducedindetailfromthea
13、spectsofrecognitionconditions,basicprinciples,keysteps,andapplicationscope.Representativesofthesethreemethodsarerecommended,includingaquantitativeclassificationmethodusingwaveletanalysis,aquantita-tiveidentificationmethodbasedonenergy,andanefficientalgorithmbasedonsignificantvelocityhalf-cycles.Inad
14、dition,theiradvantagesanddisadvantageswereanalyzed.Becauseoftheinstabilityofthevelocitypulserecord-ingwaveform,nomethodcanachieveapulserecognitionrateof100%.Inaddition,althoughquantitativemethodshavemadegreatprogressinpulserecognition,perioddetermination,andpulserecordingdirectiondetermination,theya
15、reallbasedonthebasicprinciplesofsignalprocessingmethodsandpulsecharacteristicswithoutconsider-ingthemechanismofvelocitypulsegeneration.Thus,itisnecessarytoincludetheabovementionedthreepointstosyntheticallyidentifythestronggroundmotionsofthevelocitypulseandformanoptimalpulse-discriminantsys-tem.Final
16、ly,thekeyproblemsaffectingthefurtherimprovementofthequantitativevelocitypulserecognitionmethodarediscussed,andtheresearchemphasisforitsfuturedevelopmentishighlighted.Thisprovidesabasicreferenceforbeginnersinthefield.Keywords:near-faultpulsestronggroundmotions;quantitativeidentification;continuouswavelettransforms;energy-basedapproach;multiplepulse0引言近年来多次地震灾害及相关研究反复表明，近断层地震动速度脉冲对结构具有特殊的破坏作用（AndersonandBertero,1987;Halletal.,1995;Kuoetal.,2019;李祥秀等,2021;刘启方等,2006;MaandWu,2019;Sigurssonetal.,2020;
