1、 13脊柱外科杂志,2023年2月,第21卷第1期 J Spinal Surg,February 2023,Vol.21,No.1聚醚醚酮棒杂交手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的中长期疗效王文乔1,黄伟敏2*,于秀淳2*,王磊2,许小多2,邓勇31.潍坊医学院临床医学院,潍坊 2610532.中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第960医院骨科,济南 2500313.中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第960医院放射科,济南 250031【摘要】目的探讨聚醚醚酮(PEEK)棒杂交手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的中长期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2014年4月2016年1月在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六医院因腰椎退行性疾病接受PE
2、EK棒杂交手术治疗的27例患者临床资料,术前与末次随访时采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评估腰腿痛程度及腰椎功能,记录并发症发生情况,在术前及末次随访时的影像学资料上测量相关参数评估临床疗效。结果所有手术顺利完成,患者随访60 89(77.29.8)个月。27例患者共59个节段行手术治疗,其中非融合节段32个,融合节段27个。末次随访时腰腿痛VAS评分、ODI及影像学指标与术前相比明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。27个融合节段中有23个获得骨性融合,融合率为85.2%。27例患者共置入172枚椎弓根螺钉及54根PEEK棒,1例发生L5左侧
3、椎弓根螺钉断裂,其余未发生螺钉松动或PEEK棒断裂等并发症。结论PEEK棒杂交手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的中长期临床疗效满意,更好地保留了固定节段活动度及非融合节段的椎间高度,融合率高且并发症少,可有效保护融合节段的相邻节段,减少邻近节段退行性变的发生。【关键词】腰椎;椎间盘退行性变;椎管狭窄;脊椎滑脱;内固定器;脊柱融合术【中图分类号】R 618.533【文献标志码】A【文章编号】1672-2957(2023)01-0013-08【DOI】10.3969/j.issn.1672-2957.2023.01.003Mid-and long-term follow-up of hybrid surge
4、ry with polyetheretherketone rods for lumbar degenerative diseasesWang Wenqiao1,Huang Weimin2*,Yu Xiuchun2*,Wang Lei2,Xu Xiaoduo2,Deng Yong31.Department of Clinical Medical College,Weifang Medical University,Weifang 261053,Shandong,China2.Department of Orthopaedics,No.960 Hospital of Joint Logistics
5、 Support Force of Chinese PLA,Jinan 250031,Shandong,China3.Department of Radiology,No.960 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA,Jinan 250031,Shandong,China【Abstract】ObjectiveTo explore the mid-and long-term clinical effect of polyetheretherketone(PEEK)rods hybrid surgery for lumba
6、r degenerative diseases.MethodsThe clinical data of 27 patients who underwent PEEK rod hybrid surgery for lumbar degenerative diseases at the No.960 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA from April 2014 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The visual analogue scale(VAS)sc
7、ore and Oswestry disability index(ODI)were used to evaluate the intensity of low back and leg pain and lumbar function at pre-operation and final follow-up.The incidence of complications was recorded.The relevant parameters were measured on the imaging data at pre-operation and final follow-up to ev
8、aluate the clinical effect.ResultsAll the operations were successfully completed.The patients were followed up for 60-89(77.29.8)months.A total of 59 segments were operated in 27 patients,including 32 non-fusion segments and 27 fusion segments.At the final follow-up,VAS score of low back pain and le
9、g pain,ODI and imaging indexes were significantly improved compared with those before operation,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).Bone fusion was obtained in 23 of 27 fusion segments,with a fusion rate of 85.2%.A total of 172 pedicle screws and 54 PEEK rods were implanted in
10、 27 临床研究*通信作者(Corresponding author)基金项目济南市临床医学科技创新计划项目(202134006)作者简介王文乔(1997),硕士在读,医师;qiao_通信作者黄伟敏ever_于秀淳 14王文乔,等.聚醚醚酮棒杂交手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的中长期疗效patients,and 1 patient had left pedicle screw fracture in L5.The other patients had no complications such as screw loosening and PEEK rods fracture.ConclusionsP
11、EEK rod hybrid surgery in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases is satisfactory in the medium and long term efficacy.It can better preserve the range of motion of the fixed segment and the intervertebral height of the non-fusion segment,and the fusion rate is high with few complications.It c
12、an effectively protect the adjacent segment of the fusion segment,and reduce the occurrence of adjacent segment degeneration.【Key Words】Lumbar vertebrae;Intervertebral disc degeneration;Spinal stenosis;Spondylolysis;Internal fixators;Spinal fusionJ Spinal Surg,2023,21(1):13-20随着人口老龄化程度加剧,腰椎退行性疾病发生率逐
13、年上升1-2。对于症状严重且非手术治疗无效的患者,常须手术治疗。椎间融合辅以后路钉棒系统内固定是治疗腰椎退行性疾病的经典术式,其中以钛棒椎弓根螺钉系统最常见,其可提供术后即刻稳定性3。然而,钛棒椎弓根螺钉系统明显改变了脊柱局部的力学传导,使内固定的应力增加,同时也使相邻节段应力增加,活动度(ROM)增大,导致脊柱退行性变加速。随着该术式的应用增多,钛棒断裂、椎间融合失败、螺钉松动、相邻节段退行性变(ASD)等相关并发症的报道也逐年增多3-7。许多学者8-9尝试通过改变椎弓根螺钉连接棒来改善应力传导,从而改善临床疗效,减少并发症的发生,因此,各式半刚性、弹性内固定棒应运而生。聚醚醚酮(PEEK)
14、棒是近年来用于临床的一种半刚性连接棒,较传统钛棒弹性模量低,介于皮质骨和松质骨之间,能够改善内固定的应力传导,在承担腰椎后柱应力的同时,将应力转移至前柱,且固定后的腰椎更接近生理状态,更好地保留了固定节段的ROM10。本课题组前期的生物力学研究11-12显示,与钛棒椎弓根螺钉系统相比,PEEK棒椎弓根螺钉系统能够更好地保留固定节段ROM,降低内固定系统应力,并能减少固定后相邻节段应力,证明其用于腰椎后路内固定的力学性能良好。腰椎退行性疾病常为多节段病变,责任节段的相邻节段可能存在明显退行性变,Gillet13于2003年提出对发生退行性变的相邻节段采取一定的预防性手术措施,可能是解决ASD的一
15、种方法。2009年,Shin等14率先提出杂交(hybrid)手术的概念,即颈椎人工椎间盘置换术(CTDR)联合颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术(ACDF)。本课题组在前期对PEEK棒力学测试的基础上,自2010年起开展PEEK棒融合手术,短期随访疗效满意、融合率高15。2012年2月,本课题组提出PEEK棒非融合手术理念,并应用于临床,短期随访疗效满意,且保留了更多的腰椎ROM16。针对术前责任节段的相邻节段存在明显退行性变这一临床难题,结合PEEK棒的生物力学特点,本课题组于2012年9月提出杂交手术的概念,即在病变责任节段行融合手术,发生退行性变的相邻节段行非融合手术,能更好地保护相邻节段,且部
16、分病例发生退行性变的椎间盘出现了再水化现象,短期随访效果满意17-18。本研究对采用PEEK棒杂交手术治疗的腰椎退行性疾病患者进行至少5年的中长期随访,观察手术节段ROM、椎间高度变化及器械相关并发症发生情况,探讨PEEK棒杂交手术治疗腰椎退行性疾病的可行性及中长期临床疗效,为PEEK棒杂交手术的应用及推广提供充分的临床证据。1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料纳入标准:腰椎退行性疾病,包括腰椎椎间盘突出症、腰椎椎管狭窄症,可合并腰椎不稳、腰椎滑脱;有腰痛、下肢痛或神经症状,且经6个月以上非手术治疗无效;术前病变责任节段的相邻节段存在明显退行性变。排除标准:既往有腰椎手术史;合并脊柱感染、骨折、肿瘤、侧凸或后凸畸形等;Meyerding分级19度及峡部裂型腰椎滑脱;重度骨质疏松症。根据上述标准,纳入2014年4月2016年1月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六医院采用PEEK棒杂交手术治疗的腰椎退行性疾病患者27例,其中男11例、女16例,年龄为23 74(54.6811.85)岁;腰椎椎间盘突出症14例、腰椎椎管狭窄症13例;合并腰椎不稳6例、腰椎滑脱2例;糖尿病3例,吸烟2例。1.2 手术