1、前言Preface中华文明是世界上最早形成的文Chinese civilization is the oldest and明之一，也是当今世界上唯一延绵至the only civilization that has continued今、不曾断裂的文明。在源远流长的uninterruptedly to the present day in theworld.In the long history of China,Pre-Qin中华历史中，先秦文化占据了非常重culture occupied a very important position.要的地位。春秋战国时期，社会的变During th
2、e Spring and Autumn and the革促成了思想的空前活跃，因而出现Warring States periods,social changesgave birth to an unprecedented expansionof intellectual thoughts and ideas,and forthe first time in the Chinese history thereemerged an outburst of philosophies andideas referred to as the Hundred Schools ofThought.The p
3、henomenon of the HundredSchools of Thought reflected the prosperityof cultural and intellectual activities inthe Spring and Autumn and the WarringStates periods.The Hundred Schools ofThought in Chinese consists of Zhuziand Baijia,which denote two differentmeanings.Zhuzi refers to intellectual sages,scholars and thinkers such as Confucius,Laozi,Zhuangzi,Mencius and Zhuzi,who established their own independent
