1、第 43 卷第 3 期2023 年 3 月Vol.43,No.3Mar.,2023环境科学学报Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae电极褶皱角度对三维电极强化活性污泥法处理印染废水中溶解性有机物的影响邢心语1,2,胡海冬1,丁丽丽1,任洪强1,*1.南京大学环境学院,污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京 2100232.中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,工业废水无害化与资源化国家工程研究中心,大连 116045摘要:以印染废水中溶解性有机物(DOM)为研究对象,重点研究了褶皱角度对三维电极强化活性污泥系统(3D-EAS)处理印染废水的出水水质及DOM去除效果的影响,
2、通过分析系统电化学特征及微生物群落结构演替规律,揭示了3D-EAS对DOM的降解机理.结果表明,褶皱角度为 30时,系统具有最佳处理效果,出水TOC(23.78 mgL-1)与TN(5.14 mgL-1)最低,溶液电阻最小(2.11),DOM的急性毒性由47%削减至8%.不同褶皱角下,各反应器出水急性毒性无显著性差异,但出水DOM的去除特征差异明显.R30(褶皱角度为30的三维极板)和R60(褶皱角度为60的三维极板)优先降解富里酸类、腐殖酸类性物质,而R90(褶皱角度为90的三维极板)和R180(褶皱角180为无角度极板)优先降解蛋白质类物质、可溶性微生物产物.由DOM分子与急性毒性的斯皮尔
3、曼相关性可知,不饱和高氧类化合物和脂肪类化合物与急性毒性呈负相关.微生物群落结构分析结果发现,褶皱角可显著改变三维电极强化活性污泥系统中微生物群落结构,3D-EAS 中的优势菌属为Defluviicoccus、Sphingomonas、OLB14、Cecembia及Streptococcus.在电极褶皱角度的影响下,3D-EAS 可以通过提升Bacteroidetes 等菌群的丰度,增加高不饱和高氧类DOM分子的生物可降解性,提升Chloroflexi、Actinobacteria和Firmicutes等菌群的丰度,促进稠环芳香烃类、芳香烃类DOM分子的降解,进而提高反应器对DOM 的处理效果
4、.关键词:三维电极;褶皱角度;溶解性有机物;印染废水;活性污泥;生物强化文章编号:0253-2468(2023)03-0016-14 中图分类号:X703 文献标识码:ATreatment of dissolved organic matter in dyeing wastewater by three-dimensional electrode enhanced activated sludge process:Effect of electrode folding anglesXING Xinyu1,2,HU Haidong1,DING Lili1,REN Hongqiang1,*1.St
5、ate Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 2100232.SINOPEC Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals Co.,Ltd.,National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery,Dalian 11604
6、5Abstract:Taking the dissolved organic matter(DOM)in printing and dyeing wastewater as the research object,the effect of fold angle on the effluent quality and DOM removal effect of 3D electrode enhanced activated sludge system(3D-EAS)was studied.The degradation mechanism of DOM by 3D-EAS was reveal
7、ed by analyzing the electrochemical characteristics of the system and the structure of microbial community.The results showed that the system had the best treatment effect when the fold angle was 30.And the TOC(23.78 mgL-1),TN(5.14 mgL-1)and the solution resistance(2.11)of effluent were the lowest,t
8、he acute toxicity of DOM was reduced from 47%to 8%.There was no significant difference in the acute toxicity of effluent from each reactor with different folding angles,but the removal characteristics of DOM from effluent were significantly different.The fulvic acid and humic acid substances were pr
9、eferentially degraded by the R30(3D plate with a fold angle of 30)and R60(3D plate with a fold angle of 60),while the proteins and soluble microbial products were preferentially degraded by the R90(3D plate with a fold angle of 90)and R180(plate with a fold angle of 180).According to the Spearman co
10、rrelation between DOM molecules and acute toxicity,unsaturated hyperoxic compounds and fatty compounds had a negative correlation with acute toxicity.It was found that the fold angle could significantly change the microbial community structure in the activatedDOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2022.0307邢心语,胡海冬,丁
11、丽丽,等.2023.电极褶皱角度对三维电极强化活性污泥法处理印染废水中溶解性有机物的影响 J.环境科学学报,43(3):16-29XING Xinyu,HU Haidong,DING Lili,et al.2023.Treatment of dissolved organic matter in dyeing wastewater by three-dimensional electrode enhanced activated sludge process:Effect of electrode folding angles J.Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,4
12、3(3):16-29收稿日期:2022-06-07 修回日期:2022-09-01 录用日期:2022-09-02基金项目:南京大学卓越研究计划(No.ZYJH005)作者简介:邢心语(1996),女,E-mail:;*责任作者,E-mail:3 期邢心语等:电极褶皱角度对三维电极强化活性污泥法处理印染废水中溶解性有机物的影响sludge system enhanced by 3D electrode.The dominant bacteria in 3D-EAS were Defluviicoccus,Sphingomonas,OLB14,Cecembia and Streptococcus
13、.The 3D-EAS could increase the biodegradability of highly unsaturated and high-oxygen DOM molecules and the abundance of Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria and Firmicutes bacterial groups with the influence of electrode fold angles,which could promote the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hy
14、drocarbon DOM molecules.Keywords:three-dimensional electrode;folding angles;dissolved organic matter;dyeing wastewater;activated sludge process;enhanced biological treatment1引言(Introduction)纺织染整是我国的支柱产业和工业污染防治重点行业之一,其废水排放量约占工业行业总排放量的10%(周律,2020).由于纺织染整过程中使用合成染料与印染助剂等难生物降解物质,导致印染废水中含有大量可生化性差的溶解性有机物(D
15、issolved organic matter,DOM),在传统生化处理过程中难以被降解,成为其生化出水 COD的主要来源(70%)(Marin et al.,2018),且该DOM组成具有较高的生态毒性(Liu et al.,2017).因此,以削减印染废水中DOM为目标的现有工艺的升级改造,是实现高排放标准(2019-纺织工业水污染物排放标准(征求意见稿)下印染废水达标排放、降低出水生态风险的关键.电强化生物技术可有效强化废水中难降解有机物的去除(Ailijiang et al.,2016),其中,三维电极法是 近年来新兴的强化技术之一.现有报道强化处理制药(Zhan et al.,201
16、9)、印染(Liu et al.,2015)和焦化(Wu et al.,2019)等工业废水主要采用三维电极生物膜反应器,而鲜有报道其用于强化活性污泥工艺处理工业废水(仅报道人工模拟市政污水)(张娜,2017).由于活性污泥法是目前污水处理厂的主流工艺,因此,探究电强化活性污泥技术对废水有机物的强化去除具有重要意义.三维电极是由传统的二维两极之间装填粒子或者 其他碎屑状的电极材料(作为空间第三电极)构成,其通过阴、阳极表面和粒子电极上的氧化还原作用,实现有机物的有效去除(Zhang et al.,2015;艾力江 努尔拉,2016).其中,粒子电极在外加电压的作用下形成无数个微电解池,其氧化还原反应主要包括电化学吸附、电化学氧化和电生物降解3个过程(Feng et al.,2018).易生物降解的污染物可直接矿化成CO2和H2O,而难生物降解污染物通过电化学氧化作用形成中间产物后,再利用电生物降解进一步去除(Zhan et al.,2019).影响三维电极强化活性污泥技术工程化的主要因素是电极材质(不锈钢、碳饰不锈钢、碳毡)、电极面积及其模块化(崔敏华,2017).Jiang等(201