1、 表面技术 第 52 卷 第 6 期 392 SURFACE TECHNOLOGY 2023 年 6 月 收稿日期：20220520；修订日期：20220826 Received：2022-05-20；Revised：2022-08-26 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51875299）；山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2019MEE044）；山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划（2019KJB010）Fund：National Natural Science Fund Project(51875299);General Project of Shandong Natural Science Foun
2、dation(ZR2019MEE044);Science and Technology Support Program for Young Entrepreneurs in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(2019KJB010)作者简介：伊文静（1998），女，硕士生，主要研究方向为表面技术。Biography：YI Wen-jing(1998-),Female,Postgraduate,Research focus:surface technology.通讯作者：刘长松（1973），男，博士，教授，主要研究方向为表面技术与摩擦学。
3、Corresponding author：LIU Chang-song(1973-),Male,Doctor,Professor,Research focus:surface technology and tribology.通讯作者：栗心明（1979），男，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为摩擦学。Corresponding author：LI Xin-ming(1979-),Male,Associate professor,Research focus:tribology.引文格式：伊文静,王春莹,刘长松,等.镍基分支化 ZnOHF 表面的制备及油水分离性能J.表面技术,2023,52(6):3
4、92-399.YI Wen-jing,WANG Chun-ying,LIU Chang-song,et al.Preparation of Nickel-based Branched ZnOHF Surface and Oil-water Separation PropertiesJ.Surface Technology,2023,52(6):392-399.镍基分支化 ZnOHF 表面的制备及油水分离性能 伊文静，王春莹，刘长松，栗心明（青岛理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院，山东 青岛 266520）摘要：目的目的 解决目前油水分离材料大多存在的制备工艺复杂、设备昂贵、分离效率低、重复使用性差等
5、问题。方法方法 采用水热法在镍网表面生长分支化羟基氟化锌（ZnOHF）粗糙结构，随后在表面沉积十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷（ODS）分子，得到超疏水/超亲油镍网。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）对其表面的微观形貌、组织和表面成分进行表征，利用接触角测量仪表征其静态和动态润湿性能。结果结果 镍网表面生长的分支化 ZnOHF 粗糙结构，与低表面能的 ODS 单分子层协同作用，使该表面对水的接触角高达 158，对油的接触角则为 0，且连续滴加油品时，油会在表面迅速铺展、渗透，并向下滴落。将不同品类的油与水混合，模拟不同情况下的油水分离效果，其分离效率均
6、在 95%以上；经过 50 次重复的油水分离测试后，其油水分离效率仍能保持 91%，表现出良好的重复使用性能。结论结论 实验制备的超疏水/超亲油镍网具有制备方法简单、成本低廉、高效耐用等优点，为含油废水的处理提供了新方法。关键词：分支化；羟基氟化锌；超疏水；超亲油；油水分离 中图分类号：TB34；O647.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3660(2023)06-0392-08 DOI：10.16490/ki.issn.1001-3660.2023.06.036 Preparation of Nickel-based Branched ZnOHF Surface and Oil-wat
7、er Separation Properties YI Wen-jing,WANG Chun-ying,LIU Chang-song,LI Xin-ming(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Shandong Qingdao 266520,China)ABSTRACT:With the development of the economy,oil spills and random discharge of industrial oily wastewater occur m
8、ore and more frequently,which seriously endanger the natural environment and human health.However,the existing treatment methods cannot solve the pollution problem of oily wastewater,so it is necessary to explore convenient,efficient and environmentally friendly treatment methods.In recent years,man
9、y researchers paid attentions to the special 第 52 卷 第 6 期 伊文静，等：镍基分支化 ZnOHF 表面的制备及油水分离性能 393 wettability because of its flexibility and wide application range.In order to solve the problems of complex preparation process,expensive equipment,low separation efficiency and poor reusability of oil-water
10、 separation materials,a superhydrophobic/superoleophilic nickel mesh was prepared by hydrothermal method and chemical vapor deposition,to provide a new solution for the treatment of oily wastewater pollution.The 200-mesh nickel mesh was cut to an appropriate size,the oxide film was cleaned and remov
11、ed with hydrochloric acid.The 0.05 mol/L hexamethylenetetramine solution and zinc nitrate solution was prepared.The zinc nitrate solution was stirred slowly with a magnetic stirrer,and the same volume of hexamethylenetetramine solution was dropped inward at 1 drop/s.Then 200 L of 5%HF was added and
12、stirred.The mixed solution and the clean nickel mesh were sealed in the reactor at 95 for 3 hours.Subsequently,octadecyltrimethoxysilane and nickel mesh were simultaneously sealed in the PTFE reactor at 150 for 3 hours by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)to obtain the nickel mesh with superhydrophobic/
13、superoleophilic properties.The surface morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope(SEM).The composition of the product was analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer(XRD).The surface composition was detected by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR).The static and dynamic wettabilit
14、y was characterized by a contact angle measurement instrument.The n-octane,n-heptane,1,2-dichloroethane,1,1,2-trichloroethane,lubricating oil(PAO4),edible oil were taken as examples,and then mixed respectively with water at a volume of 1:3 to simulate the actual oil-water separation.The ratio K of t
15、he oil volume before and after separation was used as a parameter to characterize the efficiency of oil-water separation.The branched ZnOHF rough structure grew radially around on the surface of nickel mesh,making the average wire diameter increase from 53 m 75 m,and the average pore diameter reduce
16、 from 74 m to 52 m.In addition,the level of rough structure increased with the presence of convex ZnOHF clusters at the intersection of nickel wires.The hierarchical rough structure cooperated with ODS monolayer with the low surface energy,so that the contact angle of water on the surface was 158,and the contact angle of oil was 0.The oil droplets spread and penetrated quickly on the surface when oil was continuously added to the mesh.After the deposition of silane monolayers with different chai
