1、基于灰色关联度法评价半枝莲药材等级规格内涵路 丽1,张洪坤1,2,黄玉瑶1,郭长达1,高贯彪1,郝建新3(1.亳州市沪谯药业有限公司,安徽亳州 236800;2.四川豪运药业股份有限公司,四川广元 628017;3.广州市和一医疗科技有限公司,广东广州 510970)摘要 目的研究不同产地不同等级半枝莲药材中有效成分的质量情况,首次结合灰色关联度法综合评价半枝莲药材等级规格内涵。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定不同产地不同等级半枝莲药材样品中野黄芩苷含量,紫外-可见分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,同时以水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物、叶占比作为评价指标,采用相关性分析等级与有效成分的关联性,并结合灰色关联度法
2、综合评价半枝莲药材等级规格内涵。结果叶占比、水溶性和醇溶性浸出物、野黄芩苷、总黄酮与等级均呈不同程度的正相关(P0.05),而总灰分与等级呈显著负相关(P0.01),进而说明等级越高质量越好。一等半枝莲的相对关联度除了安徽 A-1 的为 0.366,其余为 0.4170.710,统货的相对关联度除了基地 A-2 和湖南 A-2 的相对关联度在 0.400 以上,其余为 0.3000.386,总体显示一等半枝莲的排名基本靠前。同产地的一等半枝莲的相对关联度均高于统货,整体显示一等半枝莲药材质量优于统货,表明等级越高的内在质量越好。结论首次建立了评价半枝莲药材等级规格质量的模型,诠释了半枝莲等级越
3、高内在质量越好的内涵,为半枝莲药材等级内涵的评价提供一种新的评价方法。关键词 半枝莲;灰色关联度法;等级规格;相对关联度;野黄芩苷;总黄酮;叶占比中图分类号 R282.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2023)11-0132-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2023.11.033 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):Evaluation of the Connotation of Grades and Specifications of Scutellaria barbata Based on the Grey Relational Degr
4、ee MethodLU Li1,ZHANG Hong-kun1,2,HUANG Yu-yao1 et al(1.Bozhou Huqiao Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Bozhou,Anhui 236800;2.Si-chuan Haoyun Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Guangyuan,Sichuan 628017)Abstract Objective To study the quality of effective components in Scutellaria barbata from different producing areas a
5、nd different grades,and to comprehensively evaluate the connotation of grade specification of Scutellaria barbata in combination with the grey correlation method for the first time.MethodThe scutellarin content in Scutellaria barbata samples of different grades from different producing areas was det
6、ermined by high performance liquid chromatography,and the content of total flavonoids was determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry.At the same time,the content of water-soluble extract,alcohol soluble extract and leaf proportion were used as evaluation indicators,the correlation between grades and act
7、ive ingredients was analyzed by correlation,and the connotation of grades and specifications of Scutellaria barbata was compre-hensively evaluated in combination with the grey correlation method.Result Leaf proportion,water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts,scutellarin and total flavonoids were p
8、ositively correlated with grade(P0.05),while total ash was significantly negatively correlated with grade(P0.01),further indicating that the higher the level,the better the quality.The relative correlation degree of first-class Scutellaria barbata was 0.417-0.710 except for Anhui A-1,which was 0.366
9、.The relative correlation degree of unified goods was 0.300-0.386 except that the relative correlation degree of base A-2 and Hunan A-2 was above 0.40.The relative correlation degree of the first-class Scutellaria bar-bata of the same origin was higher than that of the standard products,and the over
10、all quality of the first-class Scutellaria barbata was better than that of the standard products,indicating that the higher the level,the better the internal quality.Conclusion For the first time,a model for evaluating the grade specification quality of Scutellaria barbata was established,which expl
11、ained the connotation that the higher the grade of Scutellaria barbata was,the better the quality was,and provided a new method for the evaluation of the grade connotation of Scutellaria barbata.Key words Scutellaria barbata;Grey correlation degree method;Grade specification;Relative correlation deg
12、ree;Scutellarin;Total flavonoids;Leaf proportion基金项目 安徽省科技重大专项(18030801119);国家中医药管理局中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-AH-03)。作者简介 路丽(1990),女,安徽滁州人,主管中药师,硕士,从事中药研发及其质量评价研究。通信作者,副主任中药师,硕士,从事中药研发与炮制及中药新型制剂研究。收稿日期 2022-07-12 半枝莲为唇形科植物半枝莲(Scutellaria barbata D.Don)的干燥全草1,夏季、秋季茎叶茂盛时采挖,味辛、苦,寒,归肺、肝、肾经,具有清热解毒、化瘀利尿的功能。近代药理学研究表
13、明半枝莲具有抗肿瘤、抗病原、抑菌、解热、保肝等活性,临床用于治疗各种癌症、肝炎、疔疮肿毒、咽喉肿痛、跌扑伤痛、水肿、黄疸、毒蛇咬伤等病,疗效确切2-6。半枝莲的商品规格等级历来研究较少,市面上也无等级划分标准,仅有部分文献记载。其中半枝莲的规格质量要求是:统货,足干,常缠结成团,茎细,方柱形,暗紫色或棕色;叶片皱缩,暗绿或灰绿色;气微,味微苦;无杂质,无泥沙,无枯死草,无霉坏7。半枝莲商品均为统货,不分等级。但以身干、茎叶色绿、根黄、洗净泥沙杂质、味苦者为佳8;据康美中药网显示,半枝莲商品以头茬、二茬和统货 3 个规格进行销售;据中药材天地网显示,半枝莲药材以头茬全草和二茬全草 2 个规格进行
14、销售。该研究首次对半枝莲的等级进行划分并对不同产地不同等级样品的内在质量进行研究,首次结合灰色关联度法综合评价半枝莲药材等级规格内涵,为半枝莲药材等级规格内涵的评价提供一种新的评价方法。1 材料与方法1.1 试验材料1.1.1仪器。MS603S 型电子天平(d=1 mg,Mettler Tole-do);XS204 型电子天平(d=0.1 mg,Mettler Toledo);MX5 型电子天平(d=1 g,Mettler Toledo);高速多功能粉碎机(RHP-100 型,浙江永康市荣浩工贸有限公司);电子万用炉(DL-1,北京市永光明医疗仪器有限公司);程控式箱式电炉(SXL-1208,
15、上海精宏实验设备有限公司);HWS28/HWS26型电热恒温水浴锅(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司);电热套 安徽农业科学,J.Anhui Agric.Sci.2023,51(11):132-137,143(500 mL,海宁市新华医疗器械厂);DHG-9245A 型电热鼓风干燥箱(上海一恒科学仪器有限公司);Agilent-1200 型高效液相色谱仪安捷伦科技(中国)有限公司;TU-1901 双光束紫外可见分光光度计(北京普析通用仪器有限责任公司)。1.1.2试药。甲醇(AR,170212-2,西陇科学股份有限公司);乙醇(AR,151024-2,西陇科学股份有限公司);石油醚(6090,AR,2
16、0160801-2,广州化学试剂厂);醋酸(AR,20150601-2,广州化学试剂厂);甲醇(色谱纯,Merck);磷酸(色谱纯,阿拉丁);野黄芩苷(110842-201508,中国食品药品检定研究院,含量以 91.3%计)。1.1.3 样品。收集亳州市沪谯药业有限公司的安徽省寿县半枝莲种植基地的半枝莲药材以及其他不同产地的半枝莲药材样品 50 批,均经亳州市沪谯药业有限公司张洪坤副主任中药师鉴定为唇形科植物半枝莲(Scutellaria barbata D.Don)的干燥地上部分。1.2 试验方法1.2.1 叶占比的测定。此次研究收集不同产地半枝莲药材共 50 批样品,将不同产地每批半枝莲分别按不同药用部位进行人工挑选,记录各批次不同等级规格半枝莲药材中叶占比数据。1.2.2 总灰分含量测定。按中国药典2020 年版一部半枝莲检查项下总灰分测定方法1(通则 2302)测定半枝莲不同等级规格样品的总灰分含量。1.2.3 浸出物含量测定。分别对半枝莲不同等级规格样品进行测定其水溶性浸出物和醇溶性浸出物的含量。水溶性浸出物含量按照中国药典2020 年版四部通则 2201 项下水溶性浸出物
