1、54卷南 方 农 业 学 报 7842个发育阶段的克氏原螯虾卵巢转录组学分析黄瑾1,2,陈晓汉1,2,闭显达2,吴铁军2,梁正2,高雪梅2,陈田聪2,王卉2,李旻2,陈秀荔2*(1广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004;2广西水产科学研究院/广西水产遗传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,广西南宁530021)摘要:【目的】通过转录组测序分析筛选出与克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)卵巢发育相关的主要代谢通路及特异表达基因,为揭示克氏原螯虾卵巢发育分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】采集发育至期或期的克氏原螯虾卵巢组织样品,用石蜡包埋法进行组织学观察;同时提取RNA构建cDNA文库,
2、通过Illumina NovaSeq 6000完成转录组测序,筛选出差异表达基因(DEGs),然后进行GO功能注释分析和KEGG代谢通路富集分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR验证转录组数据的准确性。【结果】克氏原螯虾期和期卵巢的卵巢指数分别为0.22%和2.70%,对应的卵母细胞分别以生长期卵母细胞和成熟期卵母细胞为主要时相;转录组测序分别获得49716560和44573146条有效序列(Clean reads),各样本Clean reads与克氏原螯虾参考基因组序列的匹配率均超过92.00%。从克氏原螯虾期和期卵巢组织中筛选出1508个DEGs(762个DEGs为上调表达,746个DEGs为下调
3、表达),GO功能注释分析发现DEGs主要注释在薄膜部分、结合、催化活性和细胞部分等功能条目上;KEGG代谢通路富集分析显示,上调DEGs富集在247条代谢通路上,主要包括溶酶体、抗原处理和呈递、胰腺分泌、鞘磷脂代谢、PI3K-Akt信号通路等;下调DEGs富集在270条代谢通路上,主要有系统性红斑狼疮、溶酶体、TGF-信号通路、GnRH信号通路等。筛选出10个与克氏原螯虾卵巢发育相关的保守基因,分别是H2A、S3a、IR93a、FOXL、nanos、RPB1、piwi、insulin、scylla和serine基因。【结论】在克氏原螯虾卵巢从期发育至期的过程中,抗原处理和呈递、PI3K-Akt
4、信号通路、溶酶体、鞘磷脂代谢和TGF-等通路协调合作促进卵巢发育;H2A、S3a、IR93a、FOXL、nanos、RPB1、piwi、insulin、scylla和serine等10个与克氏原螯虾卵巢发育相关的保守基因在克氏原螯虾期和期卵巢组织中高表达,推测其参与调控卵巢发育过程的卵黄物质积累及卵母细胞成熟。关键词:克氏原螯虾;卵巢;发育阶段;转录组;差异表达基因(DEGs)中图分类号:S917文献标志码:A文章编号:2095-1191(2023)03-0784-13收稿日期:2023-02-02基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32260916);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB2107602
5、0)通讯作者:陈秀荔(1975-),https:/orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-8186,博士,研究员,主要从事水产动物遗传育种研究工作,E-mail:第一作者:黄瑾(1998-),https:/orcid.org/0009-0005-1790-9047,研究方向为水产动物遗传育种学,E-mail:南方农业学报Journal of Southern Agriculture2023,54(3):784-796ISSN 2095-1191;CODEN NNXAABhttp:/DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.03.014Transcriptom
6、ic analysis of Procambarus clarkii ovary at twodevelopment stagesHUANG Jin1,2,CHEN Xiao-han1,2,BI Xian-da2,WU Tie-jun2,LIANG Zheng2,GAO Xue-mei2,CHEN Tian-cong2,WANG Hui2,LI Min2,CHEN Xiu-li2*(1College ofAnimal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;2GuangxiAcademy of
7、 Fishery Science/Guangxi Key Laboratory ofAquatic Genetic Breeding and HealthyAquaculture,Nanning,Guangxi 530021,China)Abstract:【Objective】The main metabolic pathways and specific expression genes related to the ovarian develop-ment of Procambarus clarkii were screened through transcriptome sequenci
8、ng analysis,which provided theoretical basisfor revealing the molecular mechanism of the ovarian development of P.clarkii.【Method】The ovarian tissue samples ofP.clarkii developed to stage or stage were collected for histological observation by paraffin embedding method.Atthe same time,RNA was extrac
9、ted to construct a cDNA library,and the transcriptome was sequenced through IlluminaNovaSeq 6000 to screen out differentially expressed genes(DEGs).Then GO function annotation analysis and KEGG3期7850引言【研究意义】克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)俗称小龙虾,隶属于节肢动物门(Arthropoda)甲壳纲(Crustacea)螯虾科(Cambaridae)原螯虾属(Procam-
10、barus);原产地位于美洲中南部和墨西哥东北部,于1929年由日本引入我国江苏南京地区(Yue et al.,2010;王飞飞等,2022)。克氏原螯虾具有生长周期短、繁殖力强、抗病性高等优势,且肉质鲜美、营养丰富、口感上乘,目前在我国各地已广泛开展人工养殖,其养殖模式以稻虾种养为主,池塘养殖、藕田养殖、大水面增养殖等方式为辅(秦伟等,2015;贾丽娟等,2022),是我国近年来养殖面积和养殖产量增长速度最快的虾类(于秀娟等,2022)。虽然养殖面积逐年扩增,但由于早年捕捞过度及育苗经验缺乏,种质市场供应能力与养殖业发展需求不匹配已成为制约克氏原螯虾产业发展的主要阻碍,因此,提高育种技术优化
11、苗种质量及产量刻不容缓,而通过转录组测序挖掘克氏原螯虾卵巢发育相关代谢通路和候选基因对优化其物种培育具有重要意义。【前人研究进展】至今,已有诸多学者先后在克氏原螯虾人工养殖(秦伟等,2015;彭婕等,2023)、繁殖育种(袁畅等,2021)和免疫抗病(程保政和王顺昌,2022)等方面进行深入研究。随着高通量测序技术迅猛发展,通过测基因组和转录组等手段能高效筛选出性腺发育相关的候选基因,其中转录组测序在虾蟹类动物研究中得到广泛应用,已成为研究虾蟹生长发育(闫允君等,2021;杨春玲等,2021)、免疫应答(江红霞等,2021;Jiang et al.,2021)、人工繁育(宣富君等,2021)、
12、环境胁迫(王兴强等,2022;王旭江等,2022)及病害机理(Yu et al.,2022)的重要手段,对挖掘虾蟹类动物的繁殖性能具有重要意义。目前,利用转录组技术探究虾蟹类动物卵巢发育机制已取得长足进展。Luo等(2021)基于转录组测序研究酸化环境下中华绒螯蟹的卵巢发育情况,结果发现卵巢成熟延迟,Cyclin B、Fem-1a和Fem-1b等基因参与调控卵巢发育。王美垚等(2021)通过比较转录组探索中华绒螯蟹脑和性腺间的繁殖调控相关信号通路及候选基因,成功获得了性腺和脑组织间的差异调控通路及候选基因。Nazari等(2022)基于转录组测序技术对窄爪小龙虾的性腺转录组进行比较分析,结果发
13、现有1627个在卵巢中呈上调表达的差异表达基因(Differentially expressed genes,DEGs)。Wang 等(2022)对脊尾白虾不同发育阶段的卵巢进行转录组测序,结果成功鉴定出1511条Unigenes,并确定有40个与卵巢发育有关的DEGs。Wei等(2022)通过开展罗氏沼虾个体间脑和性腺繁殖调控关键通路及关键基因比较转录学研究,筛选出18个与其生殖发育有关的候选基因,并鉴定出5个与生殖细胞发育相关的基因。Yang等(2022)对罗氏沼虾性腺进行转录组测序分析,筛选出ERR、Sxl3、cyclin B、PPP2A和ADCY9等与卵巢发育相关的潜在基因,并证实ER
14、R基因可通过影响cyclin B、PPP2A和ADCY9基因的表达来调节卵巢发育。针对克氏原螯虾,江红霞等(2021)利用metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were performed,and the accuracy of transcriptome data was verified through real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.【Result】The ovary indexes of P.clarkii at stage and stage were 0.22%and2.70%,respectiv
15、ely,and the corresponding egg cells were dominated by the oocytes at the big growth period and matureperiod respectively.The transcriptome sequencing obtained 49716560 and 44573146 clean reads respectively,and thematching rate between clean reads of each sample and the reference genome sequence of P
16、.clarkii exceeded 92.00%.Atotalof 1508 DEGs(762 DEGs were up-regulated and 746 DEGs were down-regulated)were screened from the ovariantissues of P.clarkii at stage and stage,and GO function annotation analysis showed that DEGs were mainly annotatedin the items of membrane transport,binding,catalytic activity and cell growth.KEGG metabolic pathway enrichmentanalysis showed that up-regulated DEGs were enriched in 247 metabolic pathways,mainly including lysosome,antigenprocessing and presentation,p