1、复旦学报(医学版)Fudan Univ J Med Sci2023 Mar.,50(2)原发性肾脏神经内分泌肿瘤的 CT和 MRI表现王睿婷1,2 丁玉芹1,2 钟莲婷3 唐启瑛3 冒炜1,2 戴辰晨1,2 曾蒙苏1,2 周建军3,4(1上海市影像医学研究所 上海 200032;2复旦大学附属中山医院放射科 上海 200032;3复旦大学附属中山医院厦门医院放射科 厦门 361015;4厦门市恶性肿瘤综合治疗临床医学研究中心 厦门 361015)【摘要】目的探讨原发性肾脏神经内分泌肿瘤(primary renal neuroendocrine tumor,PRNET)的 CT 和 MRI 特征
2、,以提高对该罕见病变的诊断水平。方法回顾性分析 8例经病理证实的 PRNETs,4例行 CT 扫描,3例行 MRI扫描,1例同时行 CT 和 MRI扫描,总结其影像学特征,并与病理进行对照分析。结果8例 PRNETs中,6例分化良好,G1和 G2级各 3例,分化差的 G3级 2例;双肾各 4例,病灶平均直径(4.11.7)cm,范围 2.07.0 cm;类圆形 5例,形态不规则 3 例;囊变 4 例,出血 6 例,坏死 2 例,钙化 0 例。1 例位于肾上极,7 例位于肾门附近。分化良好的PRNETs淋巴结转移 1例,脉管癌栓 1例。1例分化差的 PRNET 伴脉管癌栓、肝脏、骨及淋巴结多发转
3、移。CT 平扫均呈稍高密度,分化良好的 PRNETs实质部分 T1WI 3例等信号,1例高信号;T2WI 1例等信号,3例稍低信号;4例 ADC 图均呈低信号。分化良好的 PRENTs增强后呈中度及明显强化,分化差的 PRNETs轻中度强化,其中 7例呈持续性强化,1例“快进快出”强化。结论PRNETs影像学表现有一定特征性,好发于肾门附近,CT 平扫呈稍高密度,T2WI呈等或稍低信号。分化良好的 PRNETs易囊变,增强后中度及明显强化,分化差的 PRNETs易出血、坏死,增强后轻中度强化。【关键词】肾脏;神经内分泌肿瘤(NET);体层摄影术,X线计算机;磁共振成像【中图分类号】R445 【
4、文献标志码】A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-8467.2023.02.006CT and MRI findings in primary renal neuroendocrine tumorsWANG Rui-ting1,2,DING Yu-qin1,2,ZHONG Lian-ting3,TANG Qi-ying3,MAO Wei1,2,DAI Chen-chen1,2,ZENG Meng-su1,2,ZHOU Jian-jun3,4(1Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging,Shanghai 200032,China;2Departme
5、nt of Radiology,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;3Department of Radiology,Zhongshan Hospital(Xiamen Branch),Fudan University,Xiamen 361015,Fujian Province,China;4Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Cancer Therapy,Xiamen 361015,Fujian Province,China)【Abstract】ObjectiveTo inve
6、stigate the CT and MRI features of primary renal neuroendocrine tumor(PRNET)in order to improve the diagnostic level of this rare disease.Methods Eight cases of PRNETs confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed,of which,4 cases underwent CT scan,3 cases underwent MRI scan,and 1 case underw
7、ent both CT and MRI scans.The imaging characteristics were summarized and compared with pathology.Results Among the 8 PRNETs,6 cases were well-differentiated,graded as G1(n=3)and G2(n=3),2 cases were poorly-differentiated,graded as G3.Four lesions were located in the left kidney and the other four l
8、esions were located in the right kidney,with an average diameter of(4.11.7)cm,ranging from 2.0 cm to 7.0 cm.There were 5 cases of round shape,3 cases of irregular shape,4 cases of cystic degeneration,6 cases of hemorrhage,2 cases of necrosis,and 0 福建省科技计划引导性项目(2019D025);福建省卫生健康科研人才培养项目医学创新课题(2019CXB
9、33)Corresponding author E-mail: 网络首发时间:2023-03-13 11 37 20 网络首发地址:https:/ CT和 MRI表现case of calcification.One lesion was located at the upper pole of the kidney,and 7 cases were located near the renal hilum.One case of well-differentiated PRNETs showed lymph node metastasis,and 1 case of intravascula
10、r tumor thrombus,respectively.One case of the poorly-differentiated PRNETs demonstrated intravascular tumor thrombus,multiple metastases in the liver,bone and lymph nodes.All lesions showed slightly high attenuation on CT plain scan.Among the well-differentiated PRNETs,3 cases showed iso-signal inte
11、nsity(SI)and 1 case with high SI on T1WI.There was 1 case with iso-SI and 3 cases with slightly low SI on T2WI.All 4 lesions showed low SI on the ADC map.The well-differentiated PRENTs showed moderate and obvious enhancement,and the poorly-differentiated PRNETs showed mild to moderate enhancement af
12、ter contrast enhancement,of which 7 cases showed continuous enhancement,and 1 case showed wash-in and wash-out enhancement.Conclusion The imaging findings of PRNETs have certain characteristics,usually located near the renal hilum,showing slightly high attenuation on plain CT scan,iso or slightly lo
13、w SIs on T2WI.Well-differentiated PRNETs are prone to cystic degeneration,with moderate and obvious enhancement,while poorly-differentiated PRNETs are prone to hemorrhage and necrosis,and with mild and moderate enhancement.【Key words】kidney;neuroendocrine tumor(NET);tomography,X-ray computed;magneti
14、c resonance imaging This work was supported by Science and Technology Guided Project of Fujian Province(2019D025)and Health Scientific Research Cultivation and Medical Innovation Project of Fujian Province(2019CXB33).神经内分泌肿瘤(neuroendocrine tumor,NET)是一组起源于神经内分泌细胞的肿瘤,具有产生多肽类激素及活性胺的能力1。NET 可发生于全身任何组织与
15、器官,胃肠道、肺和胰腺为其好发部位,原发于肾脏者极为罕见,英文文献报道的肾脏 NET约 132 例2,国内报道较少,仅见少量个案及病理分析。由于对该疾病的影像表现认识不足,术前明确诊断极其困难。本文回顾性分析复旦大学附属中山 医 院 收 治 的 8 例 原 发 性 肾 脏 神 经 内 分 泌 肿 瘤(primary renal neuroendocrine tumors,PRNETs)的患者资料,总结其 CT 和 MRI特征并与病理进行对照研究,旨在提高影像诊断水平。资 料 和 方 法一般资料 收集 2010年 8月2021年 8月复旦大学附属中山医院经病理证实的 8例 PRNETs的患者资料
16、,其中男性 3例,女性 5例,年龄 4272岁,中位年龄 52 岁。2 例患者有腹痛,余 6 例患者于体检时偶然发现。所有患者均行肾癌根治性切除术,术前 1例误诊为肾上腺恶性肿瘤,1例误诊为乏脂肪血管平滑肌脂肪瘤,余 6例诊断为肾脏恶性肿瘤。检查方法 4 例患者行 CT 扫描,3 例患者行MRI扫描,1例患者同时行 CT 和 MRI平扫+增强扫描。5 例 患 者 采 用 德 国 西 门 子 SOMATOM Definition AS 或 SOMATOM Sensation CT 扫描仪检查。患者取仰卧位,扫描范围自膈顶至髂嵴。管电压 120 kV,管电流 300350 mA,层厚 5 mm,螺距0.75。增强扫描对比剂采用碘海醇(300 mgI/mL),以 34 mL/s 经肘静脉注射 90 mL,皮髓交界期扫描采用 CARE Dose 4D 对比剂跟踪触发技术,触发阈值为腹主动脉 100 HU,对比剂注射后 8090 s行肾实质期扫描。4 例 患 者 采 用 德 国 Siemens Magnetom Aera 1.5T 或 Magnetom Verio 3.0T MRI 扫描仪检查,