1、临床超声医学杂志2023年8月第25卷第8期J Clin Ultrasound in Med,August 2023,Vol.25,No.8 临床研究 超声造影鉴别肾细胞癌亚型及肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的临床价值樊瑞琪李廷廷王婧婕米娜王卓然贾春梅摘要目的探讨超声造影在鉴别肾细胞癌(RCC)亚型及肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(AML)中的临床价值。方法选取我院经病理确诊的肾脏肿瘤患者76例,其中肾透明细胞癌45例(CCRCC组),肾乳头状癌9例(PRCC组),肾嫌色细胞癌8例(CHRCC组),AML 14例(AML组),比较各组常规超声图像特征、超声造影增强模式、超声造影定量参数差值的差异,其中超声造影定量参数
2、差值包括病灶最大增强区域与周围正常肾实质感兴趣区域峰值强度、基础强度、上升斜率、达峰时间、曲线下面积、梯度的差值(PI、BI、SL、TTP、AUC、Grad)。结果各组常规超声图像特征比较:与AML组比较,CCRCC组以低回声、向外突出生长、内部回声不均匀、有假包膜、富血供表现为主,CHRCC组以低回声、向外突出生长、有假包膜表现为主,PRCC组以低回声、内部回声不均匀表现为主,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);CCRCC组、PRCC组、CHRCC组各常规超声图像特征两两比较差异均无统计学意义。各组超声造影增强模式比较:CCRCC 组以“快进”、“慢退”、增强后呈不均匀高增强、环状高增强表现
3、为主,与 AML 组比较差异均有统计学意义(均 P0.05);AML组以增强均匀为主,与CHRCC组、PRCC组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);PRCC组以“慢进”、“快退”、低增强、无环状高增强表现为主,与CCRCC组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);CHRCC组以“快退”、等或低增强、无环状高增强表现为主,与CCRCC组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);PRCC组与CHRCC组各超声造影增强模式比较差异均无统计学意义;各组超声造影定量参数差值比较:与AML组比较,CCRCC组PI、AUC均增高,BI、TTP均降低,PRCC组BI、TTP均增高,CHRCC组BI降低,差异
4、均有统计学意义(均P0.05);与CCRCC组比较,PRCC组 PI、AUC、Grad 均降低,BI、TTP 均增高,CHRCC 组 PI、TTP、AUC 均降低,差异均有统计学意义(均 P0.05);与PRCC组比较,CHRCC组BI降低、Grad增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论超声造影增强模式及其定量参数分析在鉴别RCC亚型及AML中有一定的临床价值。关键词超声检查;造影剂;肾细胞癌,亚型;肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤;鉴别诊断中图法分类号R445.1;R737.11文献标识码 AClinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in dis
5、tinguishing subtypes ofrenal cell carcinoma and angiomyolipomaFAN Ruiqi,LI Tingting,WANG Jingjie,MI Na,WANG Zhuoran,JIA ChunmeiDepartment of Ultrasound,First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in di
6、stinguishing subtypes ofrenal cell carcinoma(RCC)and angiomyolipoma(AML).MethodsSeventy-six patients with renal tumors diagnosed bypathology in our hospital were selected,including 45 cases of clear cell carcinoma(CCRCC group),9 cases of papillarycarcinoma(PRCC group),8 cases of chromophobe cell car
7、cinoma(CHRCC group),and 14 cases of AML(AML group).Theconventional ultrasound features,contrast-enhanced ultrasound patterns,and the difference of changes of the quantitativeparameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound between the lesion and the surrounding normal renal parenchyma were compared ineach
8、 group.The changes of quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound including peak intensity,basic intensity,ascending slope,peak time,area under the curve and gradient difference(PI,BI,SL,TTP,AUC,Grad)between the作者单位:030001太原市,山西医科大学第一医院超声科通讯作者:贾春梅,Email: 621临床超声医学杂志2023年8月第25卷第8期J Clin U
9、ltrasound in Med,August 2023,Vol.25,No.8肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma,RCC)是最常见的原发性肾脏恶性肿瘤1;其组织病理学可表现为不同的亚型,主要包括肾透明细胞癌(clear cell renal cellcarcinoma,CCRCC)、肾乳头状细胞癌(papillary renalcell carcinoma,PRCC)、肾嫌色细胞癌(chromophoberenal cell carcinoma,CHRCC),其中以CCRCC最常见,占 RCC 发病率的 80%90%,具有较高的侵袭性和转移率,患者 5 年生存率为 55%60
10、%;PRCC 和 CHRCC相对少见,分别占 RCC发病率的 10%15%、4%5%,预后较好,患者5年生存率分别为80%90%和80%100%2-3。肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(angiomyolipoma,AML)是一种常见的肾脏良性间叶源性肿瘤4,临床仅需保守治疗和积极监测。鉴别肾脏肿瘤的病理学类型对临床制定治疗决策和评估预后具有重要意义。超声造影能够清晰显示肿瘤内部血管结构及其血流灌注情况,可为诊断和鉴别诊断肾脏肿瘤及复杂囊肿提供更多影像学信息,具有明显优势。本研究通过比较 RCC 各亚型及 AML 的超声造影增强模式,以及超声造影对病灶与周围正常肾实质感兴趣区域的时间-强度曲线(time-i
11、ntensity curve,TIC)参数的差值,旨在探讨其在鉴别 RCC 亚型及AML中的应用价值。资料与方法一、研究对象选取2020年9月至2022年6月我院经病理确诊的肾脏肿瘤患者76例,男40例,女36例,年龄3083岁,平均(56.612.8)岁;均为单侧、单发病灶,最大径1.611.8 cm;其中 CCRCC组 45例,男 29例,女 16例,年龄3283岁,平均(56.713.5)岁,位于左肾19例,右肾26例,病灶最大径(4.192.12)cm;PRCC组9例,男5例,女 4例,年龄 6172岁,平均(67.24.1)岁,位于左 肾 4 例,右 肾 5 例,病灶最大径(4.27
12、2.66)cm;CHRCC 组 8 例,男 2 例,女 6 例,年龄 4359 岁,平均(53.06.5)岁,位于左肾 2 例,右肾 6 例,病灶最大径(4.012.45)cm;AML组14例,男4例,女10例,年龄3077 岁,平均(51.413.3)岁,位于左肾 8 例,右肾6例,病灶最大径(3.852.04)cm。各组患者性别比、年龄及病灶位置、最大径比较差异均无统计学意义。RCC及其亚型诊断参考2016版WHO制定标准5。纳入标准:检查前未进行相关治疗、无肿瘤破裂活动性出血、未发生多发远处转移及病历资料齐全者。本研究经我院医学伦理委员会批准,所有患者均签署知情同意书。二、仪器与方法le
13、sion and the surrounding normal renal parenchyma.ResultsComparison of conventional ultrasound image features amonggroups:compared with the AML group,the CCRCC group mainly showed hypoechoic,exophytic growth,heterogeneous internalecho,pseudo capsule,and rich blood supply,the CHRCC group mainly showed
14、 hypoechoic,exophytic growth,and pseudocapsule,the PRCC group mainly showed hypoechoic and heterogeneous internal echo,the differences were statistically significant(all P0.05).There were no significant differences in conventional ultrasound features between CCRCC,PRCC and CHRCC inpairs.Comparison o
15、f contrast-enhanced ultrasound patterns among groups:the CCRCC group mainly showed“fast wash-in”and“slow wash-out”,heterogeneous hyperenhancement,and ring-shaped hyperenhancement,which were significantly differentfrom the AML group(all P0.05).The AML group mainly showed homogeneous enhancement,which
16、 was significantly different fromthe CHRCC and PRCC groups(both P0.05).The PRCC group mainly showed“slow wash-in”,“fast wash-out”,hypoenhancement,and no ring-shaped hyperenhancement,which were significantly different from the CCRCC group(all P0.05).The CHRCCgroup mainly showed“fast wash-out”,iso/hypoenhancement,and no ring-shaped hyperenhancement,which were significantlydifferent from the CCRCC group(all P0.05).There were no significant differences in contrast-enhanced patterns between PRCCgroup