1、第 23 卷第 2 期2023年 2月过 程 工 程 学 报The Chinese Journal of Process EngineeringVol.23 No.2Feb.2023Influence of air distribution plate on flow characteristics of non-homogeneous particles in shallow fluidized-bed with immersed pipesHuang LIU1,Nan ZHENG1*,Xiaohui ZHAO2,Jinjia WEI11.School of Chemical Enginee
2、ring and Technology,Xian Jiaotong University,Xian,Shaanxi 710049,China2.Northwest Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.of CPECC,Xian,Shaanxi 710075,ChinaAbstract:In the next generation high-temperature solar thermal power system,solid particles are the dominant heat absorbing fluid.Special heat e
3、xchangers need to be developed for the energy transmission between particles and other functional thermal fluids,considering the poor fluidity of solid particles.Shallow fluidized bed with immersed pipes is a promising technology for extracting heat from high-temperature particles.However,there is s
4、till a lack of unanimous criteria for the optimization design of such devices,especially when non-homogeneous particles with great economic benefits are used.As the first step in the research and design program,the fluidization characteristics of polydisperse bauxite particles in a three dimensional
5、 shallow fluidized-bed with built-in tubes were investigated via cold state experiments.Bed pressure drops were measured under five different perforated plate distributor with a range of open area ratio from 0.38%to 2.89%.The effects of open area ratio,static bed height and air distribution mode on
6、the characteristic parameters and quality of the fluidization were also investigated.The results showed that there was no obvious abrupt change in the bed pressure drop curve of the non-homogeneous particles,and the whole process could be divided into three stages:fixed bed,semi-fluidization and com
7、plete fluidization.The open area ratio had little influence on the characteristic velocities at the boundary of two adjacent stages.For the concerned non-homogeneous particles,the change of standard deviation of bed pressure drop showed a minimum value,and the fluidization stability became the highe
8、st when plate with an opening area ratio of 0.79%was used.The air distribution mode has an important influence on the local bed pressure drop in the multi-chamber fluidized bed.The uniform velocity mode could effectively reduce the pressure drop difference between chambers and improve the uniformity
9、 of the overall fluidization zone.Key words:fluidized-bed with immersed pipes;non-homogeneous particles;open area ratio;pressure drop characteristics;standard deviationNon homogeneous particlesControlled air flow Various open area ratio DiameterFraction研究论文DOI:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222071收稿:2022
10、-03-08,修回:2022-04-19,网络发表:2022-05-24;Received:2022-03-08,Revised:2022-04-19,Published online:2022-05-24基金项目:国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFB1501003)作者简介:刘黄,硕士研究生,材料与化工专业,E-mail:;通讯联系人,郑楠,副教授,从事可再生能源利用领域中的热力循环构建与优化等方面的研究,E-mail:引用格式引用格式:刘黄,郑楠,赵晓辉,等.布风结构对埋管浅床内非均匀颗粒流化特性的影响.过程工程学报,2023,23(2):216225.Liu H,Zheng N,Zha
11、o X H,et al.Influence of air distribution plate on flow characteristics of non-homogeneous particles in shallow fluidized-bed with immersed pipes(in Chinese).Chin.J.Process Eng.,2023,23(2):216225,DOI:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.222071.第 2 期刘黄等:布风结构对埋管浅床内非均匀颗粒流化特性的影响布风结构对埋管浅床内非均匀颗粒流化特性的影响刘 黄1,郑 楠1*,赵晓辉
12、2,魏进家11.西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院,陕西 西安 7100492.中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司,陕西 西安 710075摘要:针对含内埋管的3维浅层流化床,以空气和非均匀铝矾土铸造砂颗粒为气相和固相开展冷态实验,采用压差变送器测量了5种不同开孔率布风板的床层压降,考察了开孔率、静床高度及流化仓室配风模式对非均匀颗粒流态化特征参数及流化质量的影响。结果表明,非均匀颗粒的床层压降特性曲线不存在明显的突变,流化过程分为固定床、半流态化和完全流态化三个阶段,各阶段分界点特征速度受开孔率影响不大。对于平均粒径为215 m的非均匀颗粒,床层压降标准差随开孔率的变化存在极小值,开孔率
13、为0.79%的布风板流态化稳定性最高。配风模式对多仓室流化床局部床层压降有重要影响,采用等风速模式可有效降低仓室之间的压降差异,提高整体流化空间的均匀性。关键词:埋管流化床;非均匀颗粒;开孔率;压降特性;标准差中图分类号:TQ051.13 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009-606X(2023)020216101 前 言 制约太阳能热发电技术发展的主要问题在于效率优势不明显、发电成本高。动力循环的高参数化是解决上述问题的有效途径。其中,以超临界二氧化碳(sCO2)为工质的闭式布雷顿循环具有能量转换效率高、功率密度大、结构紧凑、热源适应性强等优点,是当前太阳能热发电技术领域的研究热点。热力循环的
14、高参数化必然要求集热温度相应提升。固体颗粒与高温熔融盐是目前占主导地位的两种高温吸热介质。以固体颗粒作为吸热介质具有价格低廉、耐高温且对非均匀太阳辐照适应性较强等优点,已发展出多种吸热器形式1,但仍面临颗粒流动性差、磨损严重等问题。以熔融盐作为吸热介质具有适用温度范围广、热容量大等优点,且能与已发展较为成熟的熔融盐蓄热技术直接结合。但目前广泛使用的硝酸盐工作温度偏低,无法适应高参数发电工况。而开发高温熔融盐不仅需要解决高密度、非均匀、非稳态条件下的吸热器安全问题,也要面对凝固点提升给系统运行带来的挑战2。鉴于以上两种技术路径存在的问题,作者所在团队基于不同工质扬长避短的思想,提出了“颗粒吸热-
15、熔融盐蓄热-sCO2做功”的新型技术路线,以期通过建立优势互补的工作介质组合,突破各环节瓶颈,加速高参数太阳能热发电技术应用产业化。颗粒/熔融盐的换热特性是影响上述系统性能和发电成本的关键。现阶段,颗粒换热器主要采用固定床、移动床和流化床三种类型,其中,流化床具有换热系数高、设备尺寸小等优点。但颗粒流化过程会使发电过程产生额外的能量消耗,增加太阳能热发电站的厂用电率,而流化床的能耗与床层深度存在正相关性3。浅层流态化技术具有节能潜力,已在余热回收、物料干燥与冷却、焙烧反应等过程中广泛应用4,5。近年来,国内外学者也相继提出基于浅层流化床的颗粒/sCO2换热器技术方案6,7。浅层流化床在作为工业
16、换热装置时,多采用在床中设置纵向水平埋管的布置形式。埋管的引入极大地增加了气体与颗粒相互作用的复杂程度,使得准确预测流化床内的运动和传热规律变得困难。Koe等8通过数值模拟发现,在浅床中增加单埋管使床层压力波动更为规律,但波动幅度也相应增大。赵永志等9从微观尺度探讨了单埋管流化床内不同粒径颗粒的传热行为,指出传热系数随粒径的增加而降低。杨春振等10基于CFD-DEM耦合模型,研究了多埋管流化床内的气固流动行为,提出可将床内颗粒行为划分为四个不同区域。实验方面,白建基11采用图像法示踪技术对二维冷态床埋管外颗粒行为进行研究,定性考察了管束排列方式和管间距对气固两相流的影响。Ma等12研究了黏性颗粒在2维床内的流态化特性,发现埋管可促进黏性颗粒团聚。Kamble等13通过实验获得了粗颗粒与水平埋管间的传热系数,但缺乏对关键的流化床压降特性进行研究。Nagahashi等14针对单气泡与单管的相互作用进行了冷态实验研究,发现两者相互作用力与床层压降具有强相关性。对于任何流化床设备,选择合适的布风板参数都是217过 程 工 程 学 报第 23 卷 保证其良好性能的前提。开孔率作为布风板的主要特征