1、2019 年 12 月六级第一套Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay onthe importance of having a sense family responsibility.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections: In th
2、is section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C),and D). Then mark the
3、corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Magazine reporter.B) Fashion designer.C) Website designer.D) Features editor.2. A) Designing sports clothing.B) Consulting fashion experts.C) Answerin
4、g daily emails.D) Interviewing job-seekers.3. A) It is challenging.B) It is fascinating.C) It is tiresome.D) It is fashionable.4. A) Her persistence.B) Her experience.C) Her competence.D) Her confidence.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversations you have just heard.5. A) It is enjoyable.B) It i
5、s educational.C) It is divorced from real life.D) It is adapted from a drama.6. A) All the roles are played by famous actors and actress.B) It is based on the real-life experiences of some celebrities.C) Its plots and events reveal a lot about Frankie s actual life.D) It is written, directed, edited
6、 and produced by Frankie himself.7. A) Go to the theater and enjoy it.B) Recommend it to her friends.C) Watch it with the man.D) Download and watch it.8. A) It has drawn criticisms from scientists.B) It has been showing for over a decade.C) It is a ridiculous piece of satire.D) It is against common
7、sense.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) a
8、nd D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They are likely to get hurt when moving too fast.B) They believe in team spirit.C) They need to keep moving to avoid getting hurt.D)
9、They have to learn how to avoid body contact.10. A) They do not have many years to live after retirement.微信公众号：上海升学助手B) They tend to live longer with early retirement.C) They do not start enjoying life until full retirement.D) They keep themselves busy even after retirement.11. A) It prevents us fro
10、m worrying.B) It slows down our aging process.C) It enables us to accomplish in life.D) It provides us with more chances to learn.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) It tends to dwell upon their joyous experiences.B) It wanders for almost half of their waking time.
11、C) It has trouble concentrating alter a brain injury.D) It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.13. A) To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B) To observe how one s mind affects ones behavior.C) To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D) To study the relation between healt
12、h and daydreaming.14. A) It helps them make good decisions.B) It helps them tap their potentials.C) It contributes to their creativity.D) It contributes to their thinking.15. A) Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B) The difference in performance between the two
13、groups was insignificant.C) Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D) Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Similarities between human babies and baby animals.B) Cognitive f
14、eatures of different newly born mammals.C) Adults influence on children.D) Abilities of human babies.20. A) They can distinguish a happy tune from a sad one.B) They love happy melodies more than sad ones.C) They fall asleep easily while listening to music.D) They are already sensitive to beats and r
15、hythms.21. A) Infants facial expressions.B) Babies emotions.C) Babies interaction with adults.D) Infants behaviors.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) It may harm the culture of today s workplace.B) It may hinder individual career advancement.C) It may result in
16、unwillingness to take risks.D) It may put too much pressure on team members.23. A) They can hardly give expression to their original views.B) They can become less motivated to do projects of their own.C) They may find it hard to get their contributions recognized.D) They may eventually lose their co
17、nfidence and creativity.24. A) They can enlarge their professional circle.B) They can get chances to engage in research.C) They can make the best use of their expertise.D) They can complete the project more easily.25. A) It may cause lots of arguments in a team.B) It may prevent making a timely deci
18、sion.C) It may give rise to a lot of unnecessary expenses.D) It may deprive a team of business opportunities.Part IIIReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices gi
19、ven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in
20、the bank more than once.When consideringriskfactors associated withserious chronicdiseases, we oftenthinkabout health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body weight. But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the dev
21、elopment of some cancers. Perhaps worse, the26effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your body. Recent research has also shown that27in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory28.Studies have found obesity
22、is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning, as29by a range of learning and memory tests, such as the ability to remember a list of words presented some minutes or hours earlier. There is also a growing body of evidence that diet-induced cognitiveimpairments can emerge30-within weeks or
23、even days. For example, one study found healthy adults31to a high-fat diet for five days showed impaired attention, memory, and mood compared with a low-fat diet control group. Another study also found eating a high-fat and high-sugar breakfast each day for as little as four days resulted in problem
24、s with learning and memory32to those observed in overweight and obese individuals.Body weight was not hugely different between the groups eating a healthy diet and those on high fat and sugar diets. So this shows negative33of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed34. Thu
25、s, body weight is not always the best indicator of health and a thin person still needs to eat well and exercise35.A) assessedF) designatedK) loopholesB) assignedG) detrimentalL) rapidlyC) consequencesH) digestionM) redundantD) conspicuouslyI) excellingN) regularlyE) deficitsJ) indulgingO) similarSe
26、ction BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains informationgiven in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the informationis derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked
27、with a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Increased Screen Time and Wellbeing Decline in YouthA Have young people never had it so good? Or do they face more challenges than any previous generation? Our current era inthe West is one of highwealth. This m
28、eans minors enjoymaterial benefits and legal protections that would have been the envy of those living in the past. But there is an increasing suspicion thatall is not well for our youth. And one of the most popular explanations, among some experts and the popularmedia, is that excessive “screen tim
29、e”is to blame (This refers to all the attention young people devote to their phones, tablets and laptops).However,this isa connectiontheory and such claimshave been treated skeptically by some scholars based on their reading of the relevant data.B Now a study in the journal Emotion has provided anot
30、her contribution to the debate, uncovering strong evidence that adolescent wellbeing in the United States really is experiencing a decline and arguing that the most likely cause is the electronic riches we have given them. The background to this is that from the 1960s into the early 2000s, measures
31、of average wellbeing went up in the US. This was especially true for youngerpeople. It reflected the fact that these decades saw a climb in general standards of living and avoidance of mass societal traumas like full-scale war or economic deprivation. However, the“screen time”hypothesis, advanced by
32、 researchers such as Jean Twenge, is that electronic devices and excessive time spent online may have reversed these trends in recent years, causing problems for young people s psychological health.C To investigate, Twenge and her colleagues dived into the“Monitoring The Future ”dataset based on ann
33、ual surveys of American school students from grades 8, 10, and 12 that started in 1991. In total, 1.1 million young people answered variousquestions related to theirwellbeing.Twenges teams analysis ofthe answers confirmed the earlier, well-established wellbeing climb, with scores rising across the 1
34、990s, and into the later2000s. This was found across measures likeself-esteem, lifesatisfaction, happiness and satisfaction with individual domains like job, neighborhood, or friends. But around 2012 these measures started to decline. This continued through 2016, the most recent year for which data
35、is available.D Twenge and her colleagues wanted to understand why this change in average wellbeinghas occurred. However, it s very hard todemonstrate causes in non-experimental data such as this. In fact,when Twenge previously used this data to suggest a screen time effect, some commentators were qu
36、ick to raise this problem. They argued that her causal-sounding claims rested on correlationaldata, and that she had not adequately accounted for other potential causal factors. This time around, Twenge and her team make a point of sayingthat that they are not trying to establish causes as such, but
37、 that they are assessing the plausibility of potential causes.E First, they explain that if a given variable is playing a causal role in affecting wellbeing, then we shouldexpect any change in that variable to correlate with the observed changes in wellbeing. If not, it isnt plausible that the varia
38、ble is a causal factor. So the researchers looked at time spent in a number of activities that couldplausibly be driving the wellbeing decline. Less sport, and fewer meetings with peers correlated with lower wellbeing,as did less time reading print media (newspapers) and, surprisingly,less time doin
39、g homework (This last finding would appear to contradict another popular hypothesis that it is our burdening of studentswithassignments that is causing all the problems).In addition,more TVwatchingand more electronic communication both correlated with lower wellbeing. All these effects held true for
40、 measures of happiness, life satisfaction and self-esteem, with the effects stronger in the 8th and 10th-graders.F Next, Twenge s team dug a littledeeper into the data on screen time. They found that adolescents whospent a very small amount of time on digital devices a couple of hours had the highes
41、t wellbeing. Their wellbeingwas even higher than those who never used such devices. However, higher doses of screen time were clearly associated with lower happiness. Those spending 10-19 hours per week on their devices were 41 percent more likely to be unhappy than lower-frequency users. Those who
42、used such devices 40 hours a weekor more (one in ten of teenagers) were twice as likely to be unhappy. The data was slightly complicated by the factthat there was atendency forkidswhowere socialinthereal worldtoalso use more online communication, but by bracketing out different cases it became clear
43、 that the real-world sociality component correlated withgreater wellbeing,whereas greater time on screens or online onlycorrelated withpoorerwellbeing.G So far, so plausible. But the next question is, are the drops in average wellbeing happening at the same time as trends toward increased electronic
44、 device usage? It looks like it after all, 2012 was the tipping pointwhen more than half of Americans began owning smartphones. Twenge and her colleagues also found thatacross the key years of 2013-16, wellbeingwas indeed lowest in years where adolescents spent more time online, on social media, and
45、 reading news online, and when more youth in the US had smartphones. And in a second analysis, they found that where technology went, dips in wellbeing followed. For instance, years with a larger increase in online usage were followed by years with lower wellbeing, rather than the other way around.T
46、his does not prove causality, but is consistent with it. Meanwhile, TV use didnt show this tracking. TV mightmake you less happy, but this is not what seems to be driving the recent declines in young peoples average happiness.H A similar but reversed pattern was found for the activities associated w
47、ith greater wellbeing. For example, years where people spent more time with friends were better years for wellbeing (and followed by better years). Sadly, the data also showed face-to-face socializing and sports activity had declined over the period covered by the survey.I There is another explanation that Twenge and hercolleagues wanted to address: the impact of the great recession of 2007-2009, which hit a great number of American families and might be affecting adolescents.The dataset didnt include economic data, so instead the researchers looked at whether the 2013-16 wellbeingdecli
