1、1.On Open PolicyThe open policy means that our country is open to investment, trade and technical and economic cooperation with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. The purpose of open policy is to acquire advanced technology, management skills to serve our socialist construc
2、tion so as to promote the realization of the four modernizations.We must adhere to the open policy. Because economic relations between states today have become increasingly close, and no country can possibly advance behind close doors. Only in this way, can we gradually close the gap between our cou
3、ntry and the developed countries.Through the implementation of policy, we can learn advanced technology and managerial expertise from abroad; make full use of the foreign capitals to set up great enterprises; absorb useful and healthy ideas and new knowledge of the modern civilization; and broaden o
4、ur views and raise our level of competence. 2. The place of Science and Technology in Modern Life.Human life can not continue without science and technology. For many years, human society has developed with the advance of science and technology while the development of science and technology has in
5、turn brought the process to mankind. So the life we are living now is more civilized than that of our fore fathers.The development of science and technology have brought about many changes in peoples life. For example, the invention of television and space rocket have opened a new era for mankind. T
6、hrough the use of TV people can hear the sound and learn the events happening thousands of miles away. Owing to the invention of spaceship and rocket, the dream of mans landing on the moon has now come true.Science and technology also play an important role in our socialist construction. We may say,
7、 our socialist construction is just like a skyscraper, while science and technology are its base. Without the base, the skyscraper cant be built. Therefore, we should try our best to contribute to the development of science and technology so as to provide a more solid base to build our country.3. Im
8、portance of EducationChina, as a developing country, is determined to catch up with and even surpass the developed ones. I think that one of the best possible ways to do so is to give first priority(优先）to the development of culture, science and especially education.In modern times, when science and
9、technology are making great progress, the education of the work force is of primary importance. Moreover, many of the success in advanced countries have demonstrated that a nation s prosperity mainly depends on the quality of its labour force, namely those who have been well educated.In a developing
10、 country such as China, our investment in culture, education and science, and especially elementary education, must enjoy top priority. This is crucial(决定性的）for China to catch up with the developed nations in todays surging(汹涌的) waves of technological revolution. Otherwise, the gap between China and
11、 advanced countries will be widened rather than bridged.4. Air PollutionAir pollution is one of the major problems of the modern world. A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern industrial nations. Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energ
12、y is produced by burning fuels. The burning produces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution.Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in big industrial areas and densely-populated cities. They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less
13、 damaging to the environment. In the meantime, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a clean wo
14、rld. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. There indeed seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do. People will continually find new ways to control pollution.5. Environmental ProtectionToday the quality of our natural enviro
15、nment has become an important issue. The world population is rising so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources and at the same time polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, life on earth cannot survive.Concerned peopl
16、e have made some progress in environmental protection. Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the air, forests and sea resources and to stop environmental pollution.Still more measures should be taken to solve environmental problems. People should be further educated to recog
17、nize the importance of the problems, to use modern methods of birth control, to conserve(保存） our natural resources and recycle（再循环） our products. We are sure that we can have a better and cleaner place in the future.6. AutomobilesAutomobiles, as a product of modern civilization, have been playing a
18、vital part in the daily activities of human society. Industry needs automobiles for farming as well as transportation. Every day, automobiles drive people to and from work. On weekends automobiles take families for joyful outings. And during holiday seasons, automobiles fill the highways everywhere,
19、 even in remote areas. It could be said that the wheels of automobiles move society forward.But automobiles have also given rise to a series of problems. For example, cities are overcrowded with automobiles. They create a lot of noise and traffic accidents which disable（伤残） or kill many people each
20、year. Worst of all perhaps is the air pollution caused by the exhaust gases produced by automobiles. Some of the gases are highly toxic(有毒的） and a serious health hazard.7. ComputerThe computer is widely used in all fields of society. Today, wherever you go, you will find computers being used. For ex
21、ample, computers are used in universities, large corporations, and small offices, etc. It has even entered the homes of ordinary people. As it is able to store and process a large amount of information, the computer bring about great convenience and high efficiency to people of all walks of life.Com
22、puters can help people in different ways. For example, computer help scientists in analyzing data and doing complex calculation. For another example, computers are made use of by engineers in designing a plane, or a spaceship. Besides, computers may also play a great role in helping children with th
23、eir lesson. Whatever you are doing, you many find computer a useful aid.However, the computer must be designed and instructed by man. What is more, it is true that computers can make decisions, but they need detailed instructions and programs prepared by humans to operate. Therefore, the computer ca
24、n never replace the human brain.8. TravellingIt is exciting to visit different places. As you travel, you will see beautiful sceneries typical of the region. Besides, you can meet and make friends with people of different colors and races. Finally, you can get to know the customs and living habits o
25、f the local people. Today people are so fond of travelling that tourism has become one of the faster growing industries in most countries.The main reason why people travel is, perhaps, for pleasure. For example, having worked hard throughout the weekdays, people will find a widened trip to the nearb
26、y mountains or beaches a real relaxation. For another example, spending an annual holiday travelling abroad is an especially satisfying experience for those who do not have much of an opportunity to be away from their homelands. When people return from their travel, they will generally feel fresh an
27、d energetic, ready to work harder.Travelling is also one of the best means for learning. You may have read or heard about something but you can never get an accurate picture of it until you see it for yourself. Seeing is believing. Furthermore, if you area careful observer, you can learn much during
28、 your travel about the geography, biology, and history of the places you visit. No matter how well educated you are, there is always a lot for you to learn through travelling. The knowledge acquired from travel, as you will have found in your life, is no less valuable than that from any influential
29、reference book.9. The World Population ExplosionThe human race has experienced a consistent increase in population since the beginning of its history. Famine and disease have done little to offset(抵消）this steady increase. Too many people are added annually to the population of the world. So both the
30、 causes of population increase and the results of having more people are worth careful study.Culture evolution is the major factor responsible for population increase. Early in human development, people invented tools to hunt animals. Later they built shelters to protect themselves. Step by step, th
31、ey made life easier. As a result, fewer died from natural forces, such as harsh climate and disease.In the past, when population grew, there was unexplored territory to inhabit. But now, almost all the habitable land has been explored.The worlds population may reach 8.7 billion in 2033. It is clear
32、that world population is a serious issue that needs careful attention. Human beings are unique to solve problems through cultural evolution.(发展） Facing the world population explosion in the near future. We must carry out the birth control program in order to save the mankind and save the world.10. O
33、pening-door Policy is the Only Way to Make China StrongModern Chinese history leads us to the conclusion that socialism, not capitalism is best for China. But how a socialist China should look at capitalism and more importantly, make use of the better side of capitalism for its own advantage is of v
34、ital(至关） importance to the country.As far as our countrys economic construction is concerned, taking advantage of the part of capitalism that is useful to us means we need to develop foreign trade, introduce advanced technology and better management, and make use of foreign funds. It also means we c
35、an absorb some of the economic theories, and make use of those economic policies, methods and measures that comply with(遵循） the law of mass production and a commodity economy.By opening our windows wider to the outside world, people can learn more about other peoples and learn to make sensible judgm
36、ents. Absorbing the better part of the cultures of other people to enrich ourselves is the best way to safeguard our socialist culture. So taking advantage of capitalism and stepping up economic reforms is the only way to make China strong. Closing the county to international exchanges will only kee
37、p it weak.11. Choosing an OccupationEvery one faces the problem of choosing an occupation after graduation from college or university, which plays a vital role in his life. An appropriate occupation makes a man work with zest(热情） and vigor, as well as contribute to his country.To make a wise choice,
38、 two important things should be taken into consideration. One is the interest, the other, the demands of people and society. Only if the two aspects are connected, can a man show his talent and ability to the best advantage. If the two conflict, the former should be under the latter, for the peoples
39、 interests are more important than the individuals.In regard to my choice in the future, I am fond of learning foreign languages; what is more, with the implementation of the Open-Door Policy, exchange between home and abroad in economy and culture has been growing significantly, thus Im determined
40、to be a qualified interpreter.12. The Brain and the ComputerSome recent developments in the computer industry make scientists predict that the gap between human beings and machines will be closed about the year 20000.To understand the significance of this prediction let us compare the human brain wi
41、th existing computers. The brain consumes electrical energy at the rate of 25 watts and occupies a volume of one tenth of a cubic foot. The brain houses between 10 billion and 100 billion items of information. Every brain cell is directly connected to many other cells. As a result, the cells in whic
42、h information is stored can communicate with thousands of other cells.However, the computer consumes 1000,000 watts of electrical power and occupies hundreds of cubic feet of space. Its million items of immediately accessible information. In contrast, the computer memory is like a cell of pigeonhole
43、s, with no thinking capacity and no connections elsewhere.In a word, the electronic brains are hopelessly inadequate in comparison with the human brains.13. Health and Life As the saying goes, you dont know what happiness is until you lose it you dont know what health is until you are ill. “Health i
44、s of vital importance to life” sounds like a cliche to everyone, but it is absolutely true. The negligence of the delicate balance of your body and soul, the harmful habits such as smoking, excessive drinking and burning mid-night oil will catch up with you someday. How many big plans are interrupte
45、d by bad health! Even a normal life is unimaginable without the guarantee of health. How to keep fit is an eternal topic of diversity and controversy. Regardless of all the different suggestions poured from all kinds of sources, one should do at least two things for him/herself. First, hold an activ
46、e and optimistic attitude toward life and maintain a mental well-being. Second, live a regular life and keep a balanced diet. Anyway, a healthy life is within reach when you begin to adjust your mind and body.14. Energy ResourcesChina is rich in various energy resources. Coal and petroleum, for inst
47、ance, are two major ones. They are essential in developing the countrys industry, science and technology. China has done a great deal in the past few decades to raise its output of coal and petroleum.Three energy resources are being used up rapidly, With the building of four modernization, new indus
48、trial and science projects are springing up like bamboo shoots after rain. They are all big consumers of energy resources. Besides there has been considerable waste in the utilization of these resources. To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take certain measures. First, it sh
49、ould let people know the importance of saving energy. Second, efforts should be made to develop new energy resources, such as solar energy, geothermal(地热） energy and so on. We have reason to be optimistic in this respect.15. CompetitionCompetition makes people original and creative. It very necessary to compete if human society wants to advance. (Even animals compete for survival.) Without it, we would become lazy and nobody wou
