1、淘宝店铺：叮当考研 机密*启用前大 学 英 语 六 级 考 试COLLEGE ENGLISH TESTBand Six(2019年12月第3套)试 题 册敬 告 考 生一、在答题前，请认真完成以下内容:1. 请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条、答题卡的印刷质量，如有问题及时向监考员反映，确认无误后完成以下两点要求。2. 请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内，并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面相应位置。3. 请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号、姓名和学校名称，并用HB-2B铅笔将对应准考证号的信息点涂黑。二、在考试过程中，请注意以下内容:1. 所有题目必须
2、在答题卡上规定位置作答，在试题册上或答题卡上非规定位置的作答一律无效。2. 请在规定时间内在答题卡指定位置依次完成作文、听力、阅读、翻译各部分考试，作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册。听力录音播放完毕后，请立即停止作答，监考员将立即收回答题卡1，得到监考员指令后方可继续作答。3. 作文题内容印在试题册背面，作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答。4. 选择题均为单选题，错选、不选或多选将不得分，作答时必须使用HB-2B铅笔在答题卡上相应位置填涂，修改时须用橡皮擦净。三、以下情况按违规处理:1. 未正确填写(涂)个人信息，错贴、不贴、毁损条形码粘贴条。2. 未按规定翻阅试题册、提前阅
3、读试题、提前或在收答题卡期间作答。3. 未用所规定的笔作答、折叠成毁损答题卡导致无法评卷。4. 考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机。全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no
4、more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)特别说明：由于 2019 年 12 月六级考试全国共考了 2 套听力，第三套真题听力试题与第 1 套或第 2 套内容一致，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the worlds
5、 urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation sidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died _26_ from outdoor air pollution in 2015.Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to l
6、ive, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will _27_ the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?Traffic has becom
7、e _28_ with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply _29_ to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is _30_, while brakes, tyres
8、and roads all create tiny airborne _31_ as they wear out.K) prematurelyL) simplyM) switchingN) synonymousO) trendA) alternateB) crownC) determineD) generatedE) locatingF) mergedG) miniaturesH) optingI) particlesJ) peakAcross the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city cent
9、res, while young people especially are _32_ for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its _33_ and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this _34_, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of Londons orbita
10、l M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size a road can _35_ double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.Section B Directions: In this section , you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it
11、. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why More F
12、armers Are Making The Switch to Grass-Fed Meat and DairyA Though he didnt come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the land. Reading magazines like The Stockman Grass Farmer and Graze, he got hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture. The ide
13、a that all energy and wealth comes from the sun really intrigued him. He thought the shorter the distance between the sun and the end product, the higher the profit to the farmer. B Joseph wanted to put this theory to the test. In 2009, he and his wife Laura launched Maple Hill Creamery, an organic,
14、 all grass-fed yogurt company in northern New York. He quickly learned what the market has demonstrated: Demand for grass-fed products currently exceeds supply. Grass-fed beef is enjoying a 25-30% annual growth rate. Sales of grass-fed yogurt and kefir, on the other hand, have in the last year incre
15、ased by over 38% . This is in comparison with a drop of just under 1 % in the total yogurt and kefir market, according to natural and organic market research company SPINS. Josephs top priority became getting his hands on enough grass-fed milk to keep customers satisfied, since his own 64-cow herd w
16、asnt going to suffice. C His first partnership was with Paul and Phyllis Amburgh, owners of the Dharma Lea farm in New York. The Amburghs, too, were true believers in grass-fed. In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, they began to help other farmers in the area convert from conve
17、ntional to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill supply chain. Since 20 10, the couple has helped 125 small dairy farms convert to grass-fed, with more than 80% of those farms corning on board during the last two years. D All this conversion has helped Maple Hill grow 40-5
18、0% every year since it began, with no end in sight. Joseph has learned that a farmer has to have a certain mindset to successfully convert. But convincing open-minded dairy people is actually not that hard, when you look at the economics. Grass-fed milk can fetch up 2.5 times the price of convention
19、al milk. Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy farmers have felt as the price of grain they feed their cows has gone up, tightening their profit margins. By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative management practices, grass-fed farmers are insulated from jumps in the price
20、of feed. These practices include grazing animals on grasses grown from the pasturelands natural seed bank, and fertilized by the cows own fertilizer. E Champions of this type of regenerative grazing also point to its animal welfare, climate and health benefits: Grass-fed animals live longer out of c
21、onfinement. Grazing herds stimulate microbial activity in the soil, helping to capture water and separate carbon. And grass-fed dairy and meat have been shown to be higher in certain nutrients and healthy fats. F In the grass fed system, farmers are also not subject to the wildly fluctuating milk pr
22、ices of the international commodity market. The unpredictability of global demand and the lag-time it takes to add more cows to a herd to meet demand can result in events like the recent cheese surplus. Going grass-fed is a safe refuge, a way for family-scale farms to stay viable. Usually a farmer w
23、ill get to the point where financially, what theyre doing is not working. Thats when they call Maple Hill. If the farm is well managed and has enough land, and the desire to convert is sincere, a relationship can begin. Through regular regional educational meetings, a large annual meeting, individua
24、l farm visits and thousands of phone calls, the Amburghs pass on the principles of pasture management. Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the farmers milk at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter-fat and other solids. G While Maple Hills co
25、nversion program is unusually hands-on and comprehensive, its just one of a growing number of businesses committed to slowly changing the way America farms. Joseph calls sharing his knowledge network through peer-to-peer learning a core piece of the companys culture. Last summer, Massachusetts grass
26、-fed beef advocate John Smith launched Big Picture Beef, a network of small grass-fed beef farms in New England and New York that is projected to bring to market 2,500 head of cattle from 125 producers this year. Early indications are that Smith will have no shortage of farm members. Since he began
27、to informally announce the network at farming conferences and on social media, hes received a steady stream of inquiries from interested farmers. H Shinn says hell provide services ranging from formal seminars to on-farm workshops on holistic management, to one-on-one hand-holding and an almost 24/7
28、 phone hotline for farmers who are converting. In exchange, he guarantees an above-market price for each animal and a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European Union. I Though advocates portray grass fed products as a win-win situation for all, they do have downsid
29、es. Price, for one, is an issue. Joseph says his products are priced 10-20% above organic versions, but depending on the product chosen, compared to non-organic conventional yogurt, consumers could pay a premium of 30-50% or more for grass-fed. As for the meat, Smith says his grass-fed hamburger wil
30、l be priced 20-25% over the conventional alternative. But a look at the prices on online grocer Fresh Direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60% .J And not every farmer has the option of going grass-fed. For both beef and dairy production it requires, at least in the beginning, more
31、 pastureland. Grass-fed beef production tends to be more labor-intensive as well. But Smith counters that if you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human heath and animal welfare, grass?fed is the more cost-effective model. The sun provides
32、 the lowest cost of production and the cheapest meat, he says.K Another grass-fed booster spurring farmers to convert is EPIC, which makes meat-based protein bars. Founders Taylor Collins and his wife, Katie Forrest, used to be endurance athletes; now theyre advocates of grass-fed meat. Soon after l
33、aunching EPICs most successful product-the Bison Bacon Cranberry Bar-Collins and Forrest found theyd exhausted their sources for bison raised exclusively on pasture. When they started researching the supply chain, they learned that only 2-3% of all bison is actually grass-fed. The rest is feed-lot c
34、onfined and fed grain and corn.L But after General Mills bought EPIC in 20 16, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources they needed to expand their supply chain. So the company teamed up with Wisconsin-based rancher Northstar Bison. EPIC fronted the money for the purchase of $ 2.5 million wort
35、h of young bison that will be raised according to its grass-fed protocols, with a guaranteed purchase price. The message to young people who might not otherwise be able to afford to break into the business is, You can purchase this $ 3 million piece of land here, because Im guaranteeing you today yo
36、ull have 1 ,000 bison on it. Were bringing new blood into the old, conventional farming ecosystem, which is really cool to see, Collins explains. 36. Farmers going grass-fed are not affected by the ever-changing milk prices of the global market.37. Over the years, Tim Josephs partners have helped ma
37、ny dairy farmers to switch to grass-fed.38. One advocate believes that many other benefits should be taken into consideration when we assess the cost-effectiveness of grass-fed farming.39. Many dairy farmers were persuaded to switch to grass-fed when they saw its advantage in terms of profits.40. Ti
38、m Josephs grass-fed program is only one example of how American farming practice is changing.41 . Tim Joseph was fascinated by the notion that sunlight brings energy and wealth to mankind. 42. One problem with grass-fed products is that they are usually more expensive than conventional ones.43. Gras
39、s fed products have proved to be healthier and more nutritious. 44. When Tim Joseph started his business, he found grass-fed products fell short of demand.45. A snack bar producer discovered that the supply of purely grass-fed bison meat was scarce.Section C Directions : There are 2 passages in this
40、 section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ) , B ) , C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions
41、46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Schools are not just a microcosm of society; they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-at once sheltering them and broadening their horizon
42、s. This is ambitious in any circumstances, and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright.Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetime-treks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbados-appear to have become almost routine at some state schools. Parents are being
43、 asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools cannot profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families cant afford breakfast. The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line
44、. The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbours. Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire childrens passions, boost their ski
45、lls and open their eyes to lifes possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel, and some parents say they can manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily t
46、han a family holiday. Even in the face of immense and mounting financial pressures, some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods such as whole-scho
47、ol fundraising, with the proceeds pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit. But 3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over 30,000 . Such initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents pull their children out of sch
48、ool because of expensive field trips. Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind. The Department for Educations guidance says schools can charge only for board and lodging if the trip is part of the syllabus, and that students receiving government aid are exempt from these costs. However, many schools seem to ignore the advice; and it does not cover the kind of glamorous, exotic trips, which are becoming increasingly c
