1、世界中西医结合杂志 2023 年第 18 卷第 1 期World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine2023,Vol.18,No.1文献研究DOI:10 13935/j cnki sjzx 230106基金项目:北京中医药大学青年教师项目(2019 ZYB ZS 148);北京中医药大学东方医院“1166”人才工程中青年专家项目(040204001001003025)作者单位:1 北京中医药大学,北京 100029;2 北京中医药大学东方医院乳腺科,北京 100078通信作者:祝东升,Email:136010623531
2、63 com中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者的临床疗效及安全性系统评价和 GADE证据级别评价周清缘1翟臻2赵立娜2梁晨2李桃花2祝东升2【摘要】目的系统评价中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎的有效性和安全性。方法全面检索中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学数据库(SinoMed)、The CochraneLibrary、PubMed、EMbase、Clinical Trail gov 数据库,收集中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎的随机对照试验(andom-ized controlled trial,CT),检索时间为各数据库建库至 2021 年 1
3、2 月 31 日,根据预先制定的纳入和排除标准筛选文献,并进行提取资料和质量评估,采用 evMan 5 3 软件进行 Meta 分析,运用 GADE(Grading of ecommenda-tions,Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GADE)系统对关键结局指标的证据质量进行分级。结果检索出中英文文献共1892 篇,最终纳入9 项 CT 研究,累计受试者652 例,其中试验组340 例,对照组312 例。Meta 分析结果显示:与对照组比较,试验组(中西医结合治疗组)可明显提高肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者的临床疗效O=4 19,95%CI(2 60,6 77
4、),P 0 001,试验组 287 例,对照组 259 例,采用固定效应模型,低质量证据;降低复发率 O=0 22,95%CI(0 12,0 41),P 0 001,试验组171 例,对照组157 例,采用固定效应模型,低质量证据;改善中医证候学积分 MD=4 01,95%CI(7 02,0 99),P=0 009,试验组 74 例,对照组 60 例,采用随机效应模型,极低质量证据。两组患者在住院时间的差别无统计学意义。9 项研究中有 5 项研究提及了不良反应,其中 1 项研究明确提及无不良反应,4 项研究报道了 18 例不良反应事件,以皮疹、头晕和轻微消化道症状为主,无严重不良反应,其余 4
5、 项研究未对安全性做出说明。结论中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎能明显提高临床有效率和改善中医证候学评分,降低复发率,具有良好的临床安全性。【关键词】肉芽肿性乳腺炎;中西医结合;随机对照试验;系统评价;GADE 评价【中图分类号】655 8【文献标识码】AClinical Efficacy and Safety of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine inthe Treatment of Granulomatous Mastitis:A Systematic eview and GADE ProfileZHOU Qing yua
6、n1,ZHAI Zhen2,ZHAO Li na2,LIANG Chen2,LI Tao hua2,ZHU Dong sheng2(1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029;2 Department of Breast Surgery,Dongfang Hospital,Beijing U-niversity of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078)【Abstract】ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of i
7、ntegrated traditional Chinese andwestern medicine in the treatment of granulomatous mastitis MethodsThe databases,such as VIP,Wanfang Data,CNKI,SinoMed,The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,and Clinical Trail gov,were searched comprehensively for randomizedcontrolled trials(CTs)of integrated traditiona
8、l Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of granulomatous mastitisfrom database inception to December 2021 The research articles were screened according to the pre set inclusion and ex-clusion criteria The data were extracted and the quality was evaluated Meta analysis was performed using evM
9、an 5 3software The evidence quality of key outcome indicators was graded using the Grading of ecommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GADE)system esultsA total of 1 892 Chinese and English articles were retrieved,andnine CTs were finally included A total of 652 subjects were involved,in
10、cluding 340 in the experimental group and 312 inthe control group Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group,the experimental group(integrated tradi-tional Chinese and western medicine treatment group)could significantly improve the clinical efficacy of patients with gran-ulomatous ma
11、stitis O=4 19,95%CI(2 60,6 77),P 0 001,287 cases in the experimental group and 259 cases in24世界中西医结合杂志 2023 年第 18 卷第 1 期World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine2023,Vol.18,No.1the control group,FEM,low quality evidence,reduce the recurrence rateO=0 22,95%CI(0 12,0 41),P 0 001,171
12、 cases in the experimental group and 157 cases in the control group,FEM,low quality evidence,and improvethe TCM syndrome score MD=4 01,95%CI(7 02,0 99),P=0 009,74 cases in the experimental group and60 cases in the control group,EM,very low quality evidence There was no significant difference in hosp
13、ital stay be-tween the two groups Among nine CTs,five mentioned adverse reactions To be specific,one CT explicitly mentioned noadverse reactions,four reported 18 cases of adverse reactions,mainly rash,dizziness,and mild gastrointestinal symptoms,and four did not explain the safety ConclusionIntegrat
14、ed traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment ofgranulomatous mastitis can significantly improve the clinical efficiency and TCM syndrome score and reduce the recurrencerate,with good clinical safety【Keywords】Granulomatous Mastitis;Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine;a
15、ndomized ControlledTrials;Systematic eview;GADE Evaluation肉芽肿性乳腺炎(Granulomatous mastitis,GLM)是一种慢性非传染性炎症性疾病,可导致乳房变形,属于中医学“乳痈”“疮疡”的范畴,症见乳房肿胀,疼痛,时有红肿,甚则皮肤潮红菲薄,易多处破溃、流脓,溃后仍坚肿难消,反复不愈。GLM 的病因和致病机理尚不完全清楚。研究表明,自身免疫性疾病(广泛支持)、感染(尤其是棒状杆菌引起的感染)、高泌乳素血症等因素可能与 GLM 的致病机理有关1。目前,西医推荐手术治疗和激素治疗作为肉芽肿性乳腺炎的基础治疗方案,但就临床疗效和
16、安全性而言,这两者均存在一定的争议,如手术治疗术后切口脂肪液化、瘢痕增生影响美观等,而激素治疗后复发率较高,因此寻找更为安全有效的治疗方法开始成为临床研究的热点。近年来,随着中医药事业的大力发展,运用中西医结合的手段治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎开始受到广泛的重视,关于中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎的有效性和安全性尚不明确。通过检索,以往有1 篇2 有关中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎的 Meta分析,存在以下不足和局限性:(1)检索的数据库不全,使检索结果误差较大;(2)部分被纳入的研究与预先设置的纳入与排除标准不一致;(3)结局评价指标仅有有效率和复发率。因此,本研究在反思前者研究中的不足和局限性的基础上,更加系统、全面地收集相关文献,拟对中西医结合治疗肉芽肿性乳腺炎进行系统评价和 GADE 证据级别评价,以期为肉芽肿性乳腺炎的临床治疗提供相关指导和依据。1资料与方法1 1纳入和排除标准1 1 1纳入标准(1)所有研究均为随机对照试验,文献语种限定为中文或英文;(2)研究对象:经病理学诊断为GLM 的女性患者;(3)样本数大于 30 例;(4)干预措施:试验组进行中医治疗联合西医治疗,对照组进行单纯