1、 21脊柱外科杂志,2023年2月,第21卷第1期 J Spinal Surg,February 2023,Vol.21,No.1骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折经皮椎体成形术后继发椎体再骨折的相关因素分析姜天淇1,3,葛泽峰1,田新月1,罗依桐1,王红梅2,贺永雄4*1.内蒙古医科大学研究生院,呼和浩特 0100002.内蒙古自治区人民医院影像科,呼和浩特 0100003.内蒙古自治区人民医院脊柱外科,呼和浩特 0100004.海南医学院第二附属医院脊柱外科,海口 570100【摘要】目的探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)采用经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗后继发椎体再骨折的相关因素,为预防术后椎
2、体再骨折提供参考依据和理论指导。方法回顾性分析2019年3月2020年3月在内蒙古自治区人民医院采用PVP治疗的178例OVCF患者临床资料。收集所有患者性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、骨密度T值、住院时间、手术穿刺路径、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥弥散情况、骨水泥渗漏情况、椎体高度恢复率、术后即刻Cobb角及术后支具佩戴时间,并采用多因素logistic回归分析评价这些因素与术后椎体再骨折的相关性。结果共29例患者PVP术后发生继发椎体再骨折,再骨折发生率为16.3%(29/178)。再骨折患者与无再骨折患者在年龄、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏情况、椎体高度恢复率、术后即刻Cobb角及术后支具佩戴时间
3、6个方面差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。将上述6个因素纳入多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示,骨水泥注入量4 mL、骨水泥渗漏、椎体高度恢复率10%及术后支具佩戴时间 2个月是术后椎体发生再骨折的危险因素。结论OVCF患者PVP术后邻近椎体再骨折与术中骨水泥注入量过大、骨水泥渗漏、椎体高度过度恢复以及术后支具佩戴时间过短密切相关,临床上应尽量避免,以期降低术后椎体再骨折发生率,提高患者术后远期预后水平。【关键词】骨质疏松;脊柱骨折;骨折,压缩性;椎体成形术【中图分类号】R 682.3【文献标志码】A【文章编号】1672-2957(2023)01-0021-05【DOI】10.3969/
4、j.issn.1672-2957.2023.01.004Analysis of factors related to secondary vertebral re-fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractureJiang Tianqi1,3,Ge Zefeng1,Tian Xinyue1,Luo Yitong1,Wang Hongmei2,He Yongxiong4*1.Department of Graduate School,Inner Mongolia M
5、edical University,Hohhot 010000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China 2.Department of Imaging,Inner Mongolia Peoples Hospital,Hohhot 010000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China3.Department of Spinal Surgery,Inner Mongolia Peoples Hospital,Hohhot 010000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China4.Depa
6、rtment of Spinal Surgery,Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570100,Hainan,China【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the factors related to secondary vertebral re-fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF),so as to pro
7、vide a reference base and theoretical guidance for the prevention of postoperative vertebral refracture.MethodsThe clinical data of 178 OVCF patients who were treated with PVP in the Peoples Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from March 2019 to March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.The
8、gender,age,body mass index(BMI),T value of bone mineral density,hospital stay,surgical puncture approach,amount of bone cement injection,leakage of bone cement,recovery rate of vertebral height,Cobb angle immediately after operation and postoperative brace wearing time were collected,and multivariat
9、e logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between these factors and postoperative vertebral re-fracture.ResultsA total of 29 patients had secondary vertebral re-fracture after PVP,and the incidence of re-fracture was 16.3%(29/178).There were significant 临床研究*通信作者(Correspond
10、ing author)作者简介姜天淇(1997),硕士在读,医师;通信作者贺永雄 22姜天淇,等.骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折经皮椎体成形术后继发椎体再骨折的相关因素分析differences between patients with re-fracture and patients without re-fracture in age,amount of bone cement injected,leakage of bone cement,recovery rate of vertebral height,Cobb angle immediately after operation and
11、postoperative brace wearing time(P 0.05).The above 6 factors were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.The results showed that the amount of bone cement injected 4 mL,bone cement leakage,vertebral height recovery rate 10%,and the postoperative brace wearing time 70岁;骨密度T值-2.5;术前
12、症状以腰背部疼痛伴活动受限为主,查体示伤椎叩击痛阳性,无脊髓或神经根损伤的症状和体征;均采用PVP治疗;手术由同一组医护人员完成;手术前后临床及影像学资料完整。排除标准:有严重心、肝、肾、肺合并症无法耐受手术;意识欠清,有精神类疾病及其他沟通障碍。根据上述标准,纳入2019年3月2020年3月在内蒙古自治区人民医院接受PVP治疗的178例OVCF患者。1.2 数据采集记录所有患者性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、骨密度T值、住院时间、手术穿刺路径、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥弥散情况、骨水泥渗漏情况、椎体高度恢复率、术后即刻Cobb角及术后支具佩戴时间。骨水泥渗漏定义为骨水泥渗漏至椎体骨皮质或上下终板
13、外。在正侧位X线片将上伤椎分为12小格,满足正侧位X线片上骨水泥同时分布9个小格定义为骨水泥弥散良好7。椎体高度恢复率(%)8=(术后椎体前缘高度-术前椎体前缘高度)/术前椎体前缘高度100%。术后椎体再骨折诊断标准9:术后反复出现胸腰部疼痛,查体示叩击痛阳性,X线片示手术节段椎体或邻近椎体高度降低,MRI示椎体内水肿,T1、T2加权像分别呈低信号和高信号改变,术后多次再骨折者只记录术后最近一次的情况。1.3 统计学处理采用SPSS 24.0软件对数据进行统计分析,计量资料进行正态性检验,符合正态分布的计量资料以xs表示,偏态分布以中位数(四分位数间距)即M(P25,P75)表示,计数资料以率
14、(%)表示,单因素采用t检验、再骨折患者与无再骨折患者间各因素差异比较采用秩和检验及2检验,以P 0.05为差异有统计学意义;对有显著性差异的因素进行分类处理,并采用多因素logistic回归分析评价该因素与术后椎体再骨折的相关性。2 结 果共29例患者PVP术后继发椎体再骨折,再骨折发生率为16.3%(29/178)。再骨折患者与无再骨折患者在年龄、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏情况、椎体高度恢复率、术后即刻Cobb角及术后支具佩戴时间6个方面差异有统计学意义(P 0.05,表1)。23脊柱外科杂志,2023年2月,第21卷第1期 J Spinal Surg,February 2023,Vol.2
15、1,No.1将年龄(“1”表示77岁,“0”表示 77岁)、骨水泥注入量(“1”表示4 mL,“0”表示 4 mL)、骨水泥渗漏情况(“1”表示渗漏,“0”表示无渗漏)、椎体高度恢复率(“1”表示10%,“0”表示 10%)、术后即刻Cobb角(“1”表示12,“0”表示 12)及术后支具佩戴时间(“1”表示 2个月,“0”表示2个月)纳入多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示,骨水泥注入量4 mL、骨水泥渗漏、椎体高度恢复率10%及术后支具佩戴时间 2个月是术后椎体发生再骨折的危险因素(P 0.05,表2)。表1 统计数据Tab.1 Statistical data再骨折情况Re-frac
16、ture conditionn性别Gender年龄/岁Age/yearBMI/(kg m-2)骨密度T值T value of bone mineral density住院时间/dHospital stay/d男Male女Female再骨折Re-fracture2910(35.5%)19(65.5%)77.84.622.73.4-3.5(-3.7,-3.4)6.0(4.5,8.0)无再骨折No re-fracture14937(24.8%)112(75.2%)74.45.2*23.53.2-3.4(-3.6,-3.1)6.0(5.0,8.0)再骨折情况Re-fracture condition手术穿刺路径Surgical puncture approach骨水泥注入量/mLAmount of bone cement injection/mL骨水泥渗漏情况Leakage of bone cement单侧Unilateral双侧Bilateral无Without有With再骨折Re-fracture11(37.8%)18(62.2%)4.0(3.5,4.5)10(34.5%)19(65.5%