1、完形填空突破(一)记叙文1记叙型完形填空的特点(1)在记事记叙文的完形填空中,作者在文章的开头就把事件及其发生的时间、地点交代清楚,然后对这件事情的发生、开展进行陈述,反映出作者的某种思想,最后得出事件结果。(2)在记人记叙文的完形填空中,作者往往在文章的第一句话就交代出所述人物的姓名、身份、业绩,让读者对他有一个总体的印象。然后,对这个人的成长经历作出详细的介绍,从而让读者对他有更清楚的认识。(3)记叙文的人称通常有第一人称和第三人称。采用第一人称,便于直抒胸臆,读起来有种亲切感和真实感。采用第三人称,不受时空限制,能从多方面自由表达。2记叙型完形填空的备考策略(1)重视首句,把握开篇完形填
2、空一般首句不设空,是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章的体裁,预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向,防止误入歧途,对理解全文起重要的作用。(2)速读全文,掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去,不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍,要重点了解文中所表达的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what等。掌握梗概,总体把握文章内容、结构、时态、语态变化、情节的展开、结局的形成,然后答题。(3)弄清作者对人物和事件的态度弄清作者对人物和事件的态度也是做好记叙型完形填空的关键。分析近几年高考题,有不少题需要在正确把握反映作者
3、情感和态度的关键词的根底上才能做好。(4)理顺事件的发生、开展和结局记叙型完形填空多数是按事件发生的顺序进行表达,正确把握文章的开展顺序对把握文章的主脉有着重要的意义,因此,在选择答案时可以事先理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情。1(2023郑州第一次统考)DavidYears ago,when I was working at a childrens institution,a boy1up in the waiting room.It was David.He had2his parents.He was very sad3to talk to others.The first two ti
4、mes we met,David didnt say a word.He sat in the chair andonly4up at the childrens drawings on the wall.As he was about to leave5the second visit,I put my hand on his6.He didnt shrink (退缩) back,but he didnt look at me either.“Come back next week, I hesitated a bit.He came, 7 .After that we played 8 e
5、very time,in complete 9 s not 10 to cheat in chess,but I admit that I made sure David won 11 .It seemed as if he enjoyed my 12 .But why did he never look at me？Perhaps he sensed that I respected his suffering.I kept wondering and 13 with him,until some months later, 14 ,he looked up at me.“Its your
6、turn, he said.After that day,David started 15 .He got friends in school.He wrote me a few 16 about how he would try to get into university.After some time,the letters 17 .Now he had really started to live his own life.I learned how 18 cures pain.And David showed me how onewithout any 19 can reach ou
7、t to another person.All it takes is a shoulder to cry on,a 20 touch and an ear that listens.1A.showed Bwent Crose Dput答案A解析考查动词词义辨析。此处表示一个小男孩出现在等候室。rise up起义；go up上升；put up搭起。2A.missed Blost Cloved Drespected答案B解析考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“sad和“suffering以及小孩的表现可知,他“失去了父母,B项符合语境。miss思念；love爱；respect尊重。3A.preferr
8、ing Btrying Crefusing Dexpecting答案C解析考查动词。根据前面的sad和下文反复提到的小孩不说话的举动可知,C项符合语境。prefer to do更喜欢做；try to do努力做；expect to do期待着做。4A.glanced Bstared Cwoke Dlooked答案D解析考查动词。小孩不说话只是抬头看着墙上的画。glance at迅速地瞄一眼；stare at凝视；wake up醒来。5A.after Bwhen Cbefore Duntil答案A解析考查连词的用法。此处表示在小孩第二次来访后要走的时候。6A.back Bshoulder Cfa
9、ce Dhand答案B解析考查名词的用法。此处指作者把手放到小孩的肩膀上。其他的词在此处不符合语境。back背部；face脸部；hand手。7A.cried Bsmiled Cnodded Dwondered答案C解析考查动词的用法。根据下文可知,小孩同意了作者的建议,所以C项为最正确答案。cry哭泣；smile微笑；wonder想知道。8A.violin Bcards Cbasketball Dchess答案D解析考查上下文联系。根据上文“we play a game of chess可知,答案选D项。violin小提琴；cards纸牌游戏；basketball篮球。9A.silence B
10、surprise Cdoubt Dtrouble答案A解析考查名词的用法。从下文作者开始同小孩说话,并结合第一段中的小孩拒绝说话可知,此处A项为最正确答案。in surprise惊讶地;in doubt不确定;in trouble处于麻烦之中。10A.wise Beasy Cright Dwrong答案B解析考查形容词的用法。作者想让小孩赢,以恢复他的信心,但是作者要想输得不露痕迹,也是件不容易的事。11Anow and then Bmore or lessConce or twice Dall the time答案C解析考查语境理解。结合语境可知,此处表示作者想让小孩赢一两次。now and
11、 then不时；more or less大约；all the time一直。12A.game Bsuccess Ccheat Dcompany答案D解析考查名词的用法。此处表示小孩喜欢和作者在一起。game游戏；success成功；cheat骗子。13Aplaying Bcompeting Carguing Dfighting答案A解析考查动词的用法。结合上下文可知,此处应是作者和小孩继续一起玩。compete竞争；argue争吵；fight打架。14A.naturally Bsuddenly Cimpatiently Dangrily答案B解析考查副词的用法。此处表示小孩抬头看他,对于作者来
12、说很突然。naturally天然地；impatiently不耐烦地；angrily生气地。15A.laughing Bsinging Ctalking Dsleeping答案C解析考查具体语境中动词的辨析。结合上下文可知,C项符合语境。laugh笑；sing唱歌；sleep睡。16Aarticles BcompositionsCemails Dletters答案D解析考查上下文联系。下文提到了letters,故此处选D项。article文章；composition作文；email电子邮件。17A.stopped Barrived Cposted Dcontinued答案A解析考查动词的用法。此
13、处表示小孩在给作者写了一些信之后,就停止写了。这表示小孩已经开始了自己的生活。arrive到达；post邮寄；continue继续。18A.money Btime Chate Dfame答案B解析考查名词的用法。此处意为“时间是怎样医治人的痛苦的。money金钱；hate憎恨；fame声誉。 Bactions Cwords Dcomplaints答案C解析考查名词的用法。整篇文章都在介绍小孩少言寡语,所以此处C项符合语境。hope希望；action动作；complaint怨言。20A.gently Blovely Clively Dfriendly答案D解析考查副词与形容词的用法。本文的主题是
14、：一个人悲伤时需要别人的关爱,需要得到的仅仅是一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀、一次友好的接触和一只倾听的耳朵。gently温和地；lovely可爱的；lively精力充分的。2(2023昆明高三检测)On a flight from Johannesburg,a middleaged,rich white South African lady had found herself sitting next to a black man.She called the cabin crew attendant (效劳员) over to1about her seating.“What seems to be the2,Madam？asked the attendant.“Cant you see？she sa
