1、 第一讲名词名词词义辨析，包括形近、同缀、意近和无关联词1(2023湖北高考)Poetry written from the _ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.AperspectiveBpriorityCparticipation Dprivilege解析：选A考查名词辨析。句意：从都市年轻人的视角写的诗歌往往显示出了他们因为缺少归属感而带来的焦虑。perspective“视角，观点；priority“优先(权)，优先事项；participation“参加，参
2、与；privilege“特权，优惠。根据句意可知，A项正确。2(2023湖北高考)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.Asymptom BsimilarityCsample Dshadow解析：选A考查名词辨析。句意：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾的征兆很重要，眼疾可能事先没有任何病症。symptom“病症，符合句意。similarity“类似；sample“样本；shadow“阴影。3(2023辽宁高考)T
3、he accident caused some _ to my car, but its nothing serious.Aharm BinjuryCruin Ddamage解析：选D考查名词辨析。根据后面的its nothing serious可知，造成的破坏不严重，所以不能选择ruin“消灭，废墟；damage意为“破坏，损坏，意思是说破坏的程度不是很严重，往往修理之后仍然可以使用。harm意为“伤害，损害；injury意为“受伤害，主要指躯体和情感上的伤害。4(2023山东高考)My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful
4、 young man.AexpressionBattentionCsatisfaction Dimpression解析：选D考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我的第一印象是他是个善良而且有思想的年轻人。first impression“第一印象。expression“表达；表情；attention“注意；satisfaction“满意。名词构成的固定搭配，尤其是高频的“动词名词与“介词名词的短语搭配5(2023湖北高考)Carbon dioxide, which makes a _ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of t
5、he atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.Adifference BcomparisonCconnection Dbarrier解析：选D考查名词辨析。句意：二氧化碳是我们和太阳之间的一道屏障，它使大气里的热量不容易释放出去，于是地球将会变得更暖。根据句意可知，barrier“障碍，屏障正确。difference“分歧，区别；comparison“比较；connection“联系。6(2023江苏高考)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture
6、 can take a _ for the better.Ashare BchanceCturn Dlead解析：选C考查名词辨析。根据句中的for the better可知，美国的饮食文化将向更好的方面转变，因此选turn。share“份额；chance“时机；lead“典范。考点三名词的一词多义与熟词新义7(山东高考)Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.Arelief Bsafety Cdefense Dshelter解析：选A句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。所以A项
7、意义符合句意， relief 表示“缓解，减轻，解除。 safety表示“平安，保险；defense 表示“防御，防护； shelter表示“掩蔽，保护。8(2023江西高考)Whats the_， in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself Asympathy BthemeCobject Dpoint解析：选D考查名词词义辨析。句意：依你看，如果他都不努力帮他自己，那我们帮他的目的是什么呢？whats the point of.表示“的目的(意图)是什么？ 。sympathy“ 同情；
8、theme“主题； object“物体，均与句意不符。 一、名词词义辨析1形近词的词义辨析symptom(病症)similarity(类似)sample(样本) shadow(影子)sympathy(同情) symbol(象征，符号)symptom(病症) system(系统)commitment(承诺，奉献) competition(竞争)ambition(野心) company(陪伴)2相同词缀的名词辨析expression(表达；表情) attention(注意)satisfaction(满意) impression(印象)expectation(期望) reputation(声誉)co
9、ntribution(奉献) civilization (文明)accommodation(住宿) occupation(职业)adaptation(适应，改编) appreciation(欣赏)equipment(设备) arrangement(安排)assessment(评估，估算) entertainment(娱乐)3意义相近词的辨析strength(长处) talent(天赋)ability(能力) skill(技能)advice questionoffer ideaanger rudenessregret panic(惊慌)“Tommy, run！Be quick！The house
10、 is on fire！the mother shouted, with panic clearly in her voice.(2023湖北高考)“汤米，跑！快跑！房子着火了！妈妈大声喊道。她的声音里显然带着恐慌。4无一定关联性的名词词义辨析curiosity(好奇) satisfaction(满意)envy(羡慕) patience(耐心)difference comparison(比较)connection barrier(屏障，障碍)luck valuetime factWhenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out wit
11、h patience.(2023江西高考)无论什么时候我犯了错误，老师总是耐心地把它们指出来。二、名词的固定搭配1动词have, take, make, pay, play, put, give等加名词构成的短语have a good reputation有个好名声have a feeling of 有感觉have access to 可以获得take advantage of 利用，趁之机take a turn 转变get relief 得到缓解The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift
12、 from his patients, so he has a very good reputation.(江苏高考)这位医生在治疗心脏病上技术高超而且从来不收病人任何礼物，因此享有较高声誉。2介词后加名词构成的短语in great demand 需求量很大in progress 在进行中out of touch 与无联系beyond recognition 识别不出来The Harry Potter books are quite popular, they are in great demand in this city.(2023全国卷)哈利波特系列图书很受欢迎，在这座城市的需求量很大。
13、三、抽象名词具体化1表示具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有单词抽象名词具体化名词意义success成功成功的人或事pleasure乐趣令人快乐的事comfort抚慰；慰藉令人感到抚慰的人或事物danger危险危险的人或因素failure失败失败的人或事物 surprise惊奇令人惊奇的事情shock震惊令人震惊的事情Its a good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.(2023福建高考)对于人们来说，欣赏带给他们快乐的上
14、海世博会是一种美好的感觉。2有些物质名词可个体化为可数名词物质名词可数名词物质名词可数名词drink饮料two drinks两杯饮料sugar糖a sugar一块糖coffee咖啡a coffee一杯咖啡paper纸a paper一张报纸；一篇论文tea茶two teas两杯茶hair头发a hair一根头发I knocked over the tea cup and it fell on the mobile phone.You should never put drinks near a phone.我把茶杯碰倒了，它落在了那部 上。你决不该把饮料放到 附近。1.(2023荆州质检)The notes for vocabulary are very exact, which could help readers to break the language _ directly and effectively.AregulationBconventionC
