1、活性干酵母在养猪中的活性干酵母在养猪中的 应用效果应用效果 王学东王学东 博士博士 武汉工业学院武汉工业学院 安琪酵母股份有限公司安琪酵母股份有限公司 饲用饲用高活性高活性干酵母干酵母 主要内容 一一 酵母与猪的微生态学酵母与猪的微生态学 二二 三三 酵母微生态制剂在养猪上的研究进展酵母微生态制剂在养猪上的研究进展 四四 酵母在养猪上的应用效果实例酵母在养猪上的应用效果实例 酵母制剂在养猪上的应用前景展望酵母制剂在养猪上的应用前景展望 微生态学的发展与进步微生态学的发展与进步 猪消化道菌群的基本特点猪消化道菌群的基本特点 酵母应用于养猪保健的基本原理酵母应用于养猪保健的基本原理 双歧杆菌（丽珠
2、肠乐）双歧杆菌（丽珠肠乐）;整肠生（芽孢杆整肠生（芽孢杆菌）；乳酸菌发酵饮料等。菌）；乳酸菌发酵饮料等。猪消化道菌群的基本特点猪消化道菌群的基本特点 动物消化道菌群动物消化道菌群 中性菌（条件致病菌）中性菌（条件致病菌）有益菌有益菌 有害菌有害菌 对动物健康有益处，双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌等，对动物健康有益处，双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌等，主要为厌氧菌。主要为厌氧菌。大肠埃希氏菌和葡萄球菌等，大肠埃希氏菌和葡萄球菌等，多为好氧菌。多为好氧菌。在机体正常情况下，该菌为有益菌，在在机体正常情况下，该菌为有益菌，在机体衰退、发生疾病时该菌转换为有害机体衰退、发生疾病时该菌转换为有害菌，如某些肠杆菌。菌，如某些肠杆
3、菌。活性干酵母 作用作用 机理机理 酵母属于兼性厌氧菌，在消化道内代酵母属于兼性厌氧菌，在消化道内代 谢耗氧，抑制大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌谢耗氧，抑制大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌 等有害菌群的生长繁殖，促进双歧等有害菌群的生长繁殖，促进双歧 杆菌、乳酸菌等有益菌的繁殖。杆菌、乳酸菌等有益菌的繁殖。酵母代谢产生有机酸，降低胃肠道酵母代谢产生有机酸，降低胃肠道 pHpH值，提高饲料消化率。值，提高饲料消化率。酵母菌自身营养丰富，蛋白质酵母菌自身营养丰富，蛋白质 和和B B族维生素含量高。族维生素含量高。酵母与猪消化道有益菌群的关系酵母与猪消化道有益菌群的关系 栖生（栖生（commensalism）或叫单利共生，是
4、指两种微生物同时生长）或叫单利共生，是指两种微生物同时生长时，一方受益，而另一方不受任何影响。对收益者来讲，另一方可能时，一方受益，而另一方不受任何影响。对收益者来讲，另一方可能为其提供一些基本的生存条件，但它还能从其它方面获得这些条件；为其提供一些基本的生存条件，但它还能从其它方面获得这些条件；另一方来说，即不从中受益，也不会受到损害。另一方来说，即不从中受益，也不会受到损害。兼性厌氧菌和专性厌氧菌是栖生关系的典型例子。兼性厌氧菌和专性厌氧菌是栖生关系的典型例子。主要内容 一一 酵母与猪的微生态学酵母与猪的微生态学 二二 三三 酵母微生态制剂在养猪上的研究进展酵母微生态制剂在养猪上的研究进展
5、 四四 酵母在养猪上的应用效果实例酵母在养猪上的应用效果实例 酵母制剂在养猪上的应用前景展望酵母制剂在养猪上的应用前景展望 断奶仔猪应用活性酵母，可以使肠道更健康，缓解肠粘断奶仔猪应用活性酵母，可以使肠道更健康，缓解肠粘膜变薄的问题。并可能会增强仔猪的抗感染能力。膜变薄的问题。并可能会增强仔猪的抗感染能力。Biological diversity of yeasts in the gastrointestinal tract of weaned piglets kept under different farm conditions.FEMS Yeast Research;Dec2008,Vo
6、l.8 Issue 8,p1349-1356,8p,2 charts,2 diagrams,1 graph,1 color The study was conducted to determine yeasts present in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)of piglets kept under experimental farm(EF)and commercial farm(CF)conditions.Ninety five German Landrace full-and half-sibling piglets were sacrificed a
7、t 39 days of age.Sixty eight piglets were weaned at 28th day of life,when they were offered one diet ad libitum.Twenty seven piglets remained unweaned by their dams.None of the piglets received any creep feed before weaning.Digesta samples were collected from 1/3 distal small intestine(SI),caecum an
8、d proximal colon.One hundred seventy three colonies of isolated yeasts were characterized by sequence analysis of the PCR-amplified D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene with following alignment of the recovered sequences to GenBank entries.From the 17 phylotypes found,isolates most closely related to G
9、alactomyces geotrichum,Kazachstania slooffiae and Candida catenulata dominated in the GIT of CF piglets.Kazachstania slooffiae and Candida glabrata dominated in GIT of EF piglets.Srenson and Morisita-Horn similarity indices between farms were low(0.44 and 0.54 respectively)and the Simpson diversity
10、index was higher for EF(7.58)than for CF(4.34).The study brings new data on yeasts composition in the pig GIT and shows differences in yeasts biodiversity between farms operated at different hygiene conditions.ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR Brewers yeast efficiently degrades phytate phosphorus in a corn-soybe
11、an meal diet during soaking treatment.Animal Science Journal;Aug2009,Vol.80 Issue 4,p433-437,5p,4 charts Microbes such as yeast and Aspergillus are known to produce phytase,and Aspergillus phytase has been used as a feed additive for improving phytate-phosphorus bioavailability in monogastric animal
12、s.We measured phytase activity in some by-products from fermented food and beverage productions by yeast and Aspergillus.The phytase activity was as high as 3577 and 2225 PU/kg DM in raw and dried brewers yeasts,respectively.On the other hand,the phytase activity was approximately 400 PU/kg DM in wh
13、ite-wine yeast and red-wine yeast.The phytase activity was further low in natto(fermented soybean)residue,soy sauce cake,rice brewers grain and the activity was not detected in dried corn-barley distillers grain with soluble and sweet-potato distillers residue.The stability of phytase against pepsin
14、 was much lower in the brewers yeast than in an Aspergillus phytase preparation.On the other hand,the addition of raw brewers yeast effectively degraded phytate phosphorus in a corn-soybean meal diet during soaking.These results suggest that phytase in the examined by-products is not suitable for th
15、e phytase source of conventional diets,but that the soaking treatment with a raw brewers yeast is an alternative method for improving phytate-phosphorus bioavailability in corn-soybean meal diets for pigs.ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR 活性干酵母对胃内容物菌落情况的影响 注：试验组添加注：试验组添加1 110107 7酵母菌（酵母菌（1 110107 7个个/g/g全价料），基础日
16、粮同对照组。全价料），基础日粮同对照组。0123456789总菌落厌氧菌双歧杆菌酵母活菌数log10对照组试验组对消化道前段菌群的作用对消化道前段菌群的作用 国家酵母技术中心博士后科研工作站国家酵母技术中心博士后科研工作站 活性干酵母对母猪直肠菌群及养分消化率的影响活性干酵母对母猪直肠菌群及养分消化率的影响 项目项目 处理处理 对照组对照组 活性干酵母组活性干酵母组 乳酸杆菌乳酸杆菌(Log(Log1010cfu/g)9.10cfu/g)9.10+0.24 9.700.24 9.70+0.060.06*大肠杆菌大肠杆菌(Log(Log1010cfu/g)8.20cfu/g)8.20+0.60 7.340.60 7.34+0.420.42*纤维分解菌纤维分解菌(Log(Log1010cfu/g)6.51cfu/g)6.51+0.34 6.580.34 6.58+0.300.30 蛋白表观消化率蛋白表观消化率(%)(%)71.3571.35+0.31 72.030.31 72.03+0.640.64 哺乳期第哺乳期第24d24d收集粪便，测定对照组和收集粪便，测定对照组和1000g/T10