1、英语中基数词与序数词的区别和用法篇一：英语基数词和序数词专题数词一、基数词和序数词cardinal and ordinal numbers: 基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。1. 基数词11-12 特别记; 13-19 要加-teen；几十-ty做结尾；几十几更易记。2留意13 thirteen, 15 fifteen, 18 eighteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty的书写。3hundred 百, thousand 千,million 百万, billion十亿的用法类似e.g.Hundred: one/ two/several hu
2、ndred； hundreds of 成百上千2. 序数词：1基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律，结尾加上-th；一、二、三特数记；八去t，九去e；-ve要用-f替；单词-ty做结尾，变-y为i，再加-eth.2留意1 first, 2second , 3third, 5 fifth, 8 eighth, 9 ninth的拼写。二、分数、小数、百分数fracctions、Decimals、Percentage1.分数:分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，中间的连字号可用不可用。当分子大于1时，作分母的序数词用复数方式。e.g.二分之一 a/one-half 三分之一 a/one third四
3、分之一 a/one-fourth 二又五分之一 two and one-fifth2.小数：读法：在小数点后，我们单独读出每个数字。小数点读作point。小数点中的零读作zero, nought或o/ e.g.3 point three 7.145 seven point one four five36.36 thirty-six point three six3. 百分数百分数用基数词或小数与百分号两局部构成。e.g.20% twenty percent47% forty-seven percent30.45% thirty point four five percent三、日期和年份的表示
4、date and yearon May 27 读作：On May (the) twenty-seventhon 27th May 读作：On the twenty-seventh of Mayin 1993 读作：in nineteen thirty-threein 20ll 读作：in two thousand and eleven四、时间和钟点表示：7:15 读作 seven fifteen / a quarter past seven5:30 读作 five thirty/half past five6:55 读作 six fifty-five /five(minutes) to sev
5、en9:10 读作 nine ten a.m.at 8:00 读作 at eight 或 at eight oclock五、年龄表示：1. 基数词+表示年龄单位的词+old, 口语中常可省略years old. e.g. The girl is only three (years old.)2. age(名词或动词) She was then forty years of age. /she was thenaged forty(years).“at the age of +基数词表示“在岁时，通常作状语。e.g. Julie can swim at the age of eight.3.“基
6、数词-year-old的复合描述词，意为“岁的，一般作定语修饰名词。e.g.Sandy is a six-year-old child.4. in ones +整十基数词的复数方式：这一构造表示“在某人几十多岁时“。e.g.My grandfathr died in his nineties.teens 表示 “十多岁13-19岁。e.g.The boy was in his teens. 这男孩只有十多岁。He is not yet out of his teens. 他还不满20岁。六、数学运算表达Arithmetic Expressuib Add 3 and 9. 3 plus 9 eq
7、uals/is 13Subtract 3 from 9. 9 minus 3 equals/is 6.Multiply 3 by 9. 3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 9Divide 9 by 3 9 divided by 3 equals/is 3.plus(介词)/ minus (介词) / multiplied(描述词性质的过去分词) / divided (描述词性质的过去分词)add(动词)/ subtract(动词) / multiply(动词) / divide(动词)【易错点提示】1. 分数和百分数做主语时，谓语的单复数取决其后面of构造中的名词。留意区别
8、下面两句话：2. 基数词能够用在有连字符的合成描述词中，留意其中的名词前无冠词。e.g.a two-day holiday=two days holidaya ten-minute walk=ten minutes walk有连词符的复合描述词在剧中只能充当定语，不能作表语。3. 在20世纪30年代：in the 1930s在30年代：in the 30s在某人30几岁时：in ones thirties4. 留意下面的不同表达方式：Lesson Twelve = the Twelfth LessonGate Five= The Fifth GateClass one/GradeTwotwo=
9、the ninth grade/ page nine/ Room 401/Channel Eight5. 序数词在表示地名时的用法： Fifth Avenue 序数词前无冠词6. 序数词用在奖项前面的用法：win first prize (序数词前无冠词)7. 序数词表示在原来数字的根底上的 “再、又的用法：I have had two cakes. I want to have a third one.8. 一次：once两次：twice 三次: three times9. 倍数的表达：1“倍数+描述词/副词的比较级+than表示“比大几倍e.g.This rope is three tim
10、es longer than that one.2“倍数+as+描述词/副词+as表示“是的几倍e.g.It is five times as big as Europe.The poison of the killer bee is twice as dangerous as the poison of other bees.3“倍数+表度量的名词size,length,width+of表示“是的几倍。e.g.The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.【真题典藏】1. Linton is interested in Chinese history
11、and this is his _ visit to Beijing. (four) (2023年第61题)2. Eric, the _ son of the family, has a special interest in physics.(three) (2023年中考题59题)3.Alex is _ years old and is taken good care of in the kindergarten. fourth(2023年中考题58题)【实战演练】1.The TV news reported the celebration of the old mans _birthda
12、y. (hundred )2. Could you tell me if you live on the _floor of that highrise (twelve)3. Please open your book at page_. Lets read the text. (fifth)篇二：基数词与序数词的用法基数词与序数词的用法基数词A从110one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，tenB从 1119eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eigh
13、teen， nineteen这里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen为特别方式外，fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其个位数方式后添加后缀-teen构成。C从 2199整数几十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty为特别方式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其个位数方式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词方式之间添加连字符“-21 twenty-one76 seventy-sixD百位数 648 six hundred and fort
14、y-eightE千位数以上 ,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eightF基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数方式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词那么以复数方式出现。There are hundreds of people in the hall 里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day 每天有成千上万
15、的人来参观秦兵马涌博物馆。 They went to the theatre in twos and threes 他们三三两两地来到了剧院。G表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数方式表示。He became a professor in his thirties他三十多岁时成为了教授。基数词变序数词的口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上th，(fourth，sixth)一，二，三，特别例，结尾字母t，d，d；(first，second，third)八去t，九去e，(eighth，ninth)ve要用f替；(fifth，twelfth)ty将y改成i，th前面有个e；假设要碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。1st(first) , 2nd (second) , 3rd (third), 4th (fourth), 5th (fifth), 6th (sixth), 7th (seventh), 8th (eighth), 9th (n