1、Underbalanced Drilling OperationsAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 92UFIRST EDITION,NOVEMBER 2008REAFFIRMED,APRIL 2013ADDENDUM,NOVEMBER 2015Underbalanced Drilling OperationsUpstream SegmentAPI RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 92UFIRST EDITION,NOVEMBER 2008REAFFIRMED,APRIL 2015ADDENDUM,NOVEMBER 2015Special NotesAPI publi
2、cations necessarily address problems of a general nature.With respect to particular circumstances,local,state,and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.Neither API nor any of APIs employees,subcontractors,consultants,committees,or other assignees make any warranty or representation,either
3、express or implied,with respect to the accuracy,completeness,or usefulness of the information contained herein,or assume any liability or responsibility for any use,or the results of such use,of any information or process disclosed in this publication.Neither API nor any of APIs employees,subcontrac
4、tors,consultants,or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.Users of this recommended practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document.Sound business,scientific,engineering,and safety judgment should be u
5、sed in employing the information contained herein.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so.Every effort has been made by API to assure the accuracy and reliability of data contained in this publication.However,the Institute makes no representation,warranty,or guarantee in connection
6、with publication of these recommended practices and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from use or applications hereunder or for violation of any federal,state,or local regulations with which the contents may conflict.Users of recommendations set
7、forth herein are reminded that constantly developing technology and specialized or limited operations do not permit complete coverage of all operations and alternatives.Recommendations presented herein are not intended to inhibit developing technology and equipment improvements or improved operating
8、 procedures.These recommended practices are not intended to obviate the need for qualified engineering and operations analyses and sound judgments as to when and where these recommended practices should be utilized to fit a specific underbalanced drilling application.Recommendations presented in thi
9、s publication are based on this extensive and wide-ranging industry experience.The goal of these recommended practices is to assist the oil and gas industry in promoting personnel safety,public safety,integrity of the underbalanced drilling equipment,and preservation of the environment for land and
10、offshore underbalanced drilling operations and these recommended practices are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven,sound engineering and operating practices.This publication does not present all of the operating practices that can be employed to successfully conduct underbalance
11、d drilling operations.Practices set forth herein are considered acceptable for accomplishing the job as described;however,equivalent alternative installations and practices may be utilized to accomplish the same objectives.The formulation and publication of API recommended practices is not intended,
12、in any way,to inhibit anyone from using other practices.Furthermore,individuals and organizations using these recommended practices are cautioned that underbalanced drilling operations must comply with requirements of applicable federal,state,or local regulations and these requirements should be rev
13、iewed to determine whether violations may occur.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard.API does not represent,warrant,or guarantee that s
14、uch products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved.No part of this work may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,without prior written permission from the publisher.Contact the
15、 Publisher,API Publishing Services,1220 L Street,N.W.,Washington,D.C.20005.Copyright 2008 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThese guidelines(recommended practices),prepared by the IADC Underbalanced Operations and Managed Pressure Drilling Committee consisting of representatives from various IADC
16、member companies,represent a composite of the practices employed by various operating companies,service companies and drilling contractors in underbalanced drilling operations.In some cases,a reconciled composite of the various practices employed by these companies was utilized.The Committee acknowledges the Canadian Association of Drilling Contractors(CAODC),the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers(CAPP),Petroleum Services Association of Canada(PSAC)and the Alberta Energy Utilities Board