1、Designation:E 1609 01Standard Guide forDevelopment and Implementation of a Pollution PreventionProgram1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1609;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revisi
2、on.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers guidance on a logical progression oftasks and procedures to be followed in a pollution preventionprogram to reduce
3、or eliminate the generation of waste,the lossof natural resources,and process emissions through sourcereduction,reuse,recycling,and reclamation.1.2 SummaryThe basic components of a pollution preven-tion program should include the following seven activities:1.2.1 Develop an organizational commitment
4、to pollutionprevention(see Section 4).1.2.2 Establish goals,objectives,and an implementationschedule(see Section 5).1.2.3 Generate baseline information(see Section 6).1.2.4 Develop a resource,emissions,and waste measure-ment and tracking system(see Section 7).1.2.5 Analyze pollution prevention oppor
5、tunities(see Sec-tion 8).1.2.6 Prioritize pollution prevention opportunities(see Sec-tion 9).1.2.7 Implement and maintain the progress of a pollutionprevention program(see Section 10).1.3 Organization of TextThis guide is organized based onthe activities previously enumerated.Each section of the gui
6、dedescribes the manner in which the specified activity may beconducted to implement a program of pollution prevention at afacility.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish
7、appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 by-productmaterial,other than principal product,that is generated as a consequence of a process and that hasproductiv
8、e use.2.1.2 capital budgeta statement of the firms plannedfinancial expenditures,generally based on estimates of futuresales,costs,production,and research and development(R&D)needs and the availability of capital.2.1.3 cost accounting systemthe internal procedure usedto track and allocate production
9、 costs and revenues to a productor process.2.1.4 cost allocationa process within an internal costaccounting system of assigning costs and revenues to cost andprofit centers for the purposes of product pricing,cost tracking,and performance evaluation.2.1.5 fugitivesemissions or releases that leave a
10、system orprocess without containment or capture.2.1.6 full-cost accountinga method of managerial ac-counting that accounts for both the direct and indirect costs ofan item.Full-cost accounting uses historical data to assign allcosts to a process,product,or product line,most often for thepurposes of
11、pricing.2.1.7 materialsphysical substances that are used,applied,produced,formed,or processed.2.1.8 mediaany or all specific physical components of theenvironment,such as air,water(surface water and groundwater),and soil.2.1.9 minimizationthe process of determining and achiev-ing the optimal amount
12、of resources necessary to perform aparticular function.In addition,minimization is the process ofdetermining and achieving the least practicable harmful effectsof a particular function or activity.2.1.10 performance measurementsa means by which asystem or process can be evaluated for effectiveness o
13、refficiency,or both.It must have a quantitative and consistentbasis for evaluating the effectiveness or efficiency,or both,ofa particular function or activity.2.1.11 point sourcea single,stationary location or fixedfacility from which pollutants are discharged;any singleidentifiable source of pollut
14、ion.2.1.12 pollutantany substance that directly or indirectlycreates an adverse human health or environmental effect whenintroduced into any environmental media.2.1.13 pollutionthe introduction of a pollutant into theenvironment.2.1.14 pollution controla control device,mechanism,orsystem that is use
15、d to reduce the quantity or toxicity of apollutant,or both,before it is introduced into the environment,1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E50 on EnvironmentalAssessment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E50.03 on Environ-mental Risk Management/Sustainable Developm
16、ent/Pollution Prevention.Current edition approved Nov.10,2001.Published January 2002.Originallypublished as E 160994.Last previous edition E 160994.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.or to reduce the probability of release of a pollutant to theenvironment.2.1.15 pollution preventionthe act of reducing or elimi-nating the use,release,or generation of a pollutant or potentialpollutant through source reduction,recycling,reus