1、Designation:E 1194 07Standard Test Method forVapor Pressure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1194;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the ye
2、ar of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes procedures for measuring thevapor pressure of pure liquid or solid compounds.Since nosingle technique is available to measure vapor pressures from1 3
3、 1011to 100 kPa(approximately 1010to 760 torr),twoprocedures are presented.An isoteniscope(standard)procedurefor measuring vapor pressures of liquids from 1 3 101to 100kPa(approximately 1 to 760 torr)is available in Test MethodD 2879.A gas-saturation procedure for measuring vapor pres-sures from 1 3
4、 1011to 1 kPa(approximately 1010to 10 torr)is presented in this test method.Both procedures are subjects ofU.S.Environmental Protection Agency Test Guidelines.1.2 These two methods were selected to provide data atnormal environmental temperatures(10 to 60C).At least threetemperature values should be
5、 studied to allow definition of avapor pressure-temperature correlation.Values determinedshould be based on temperature selections such that a mea-surement is made at 25C(as recommended by IUPAC)(1),2avalue can be interpolated for 25C,or a value can be reliablyextrapolated for 25C.Extrapolation to 2
6、5C should beavoided if the temperature range tested includes a value atwhich a phase change occurs.Extrapolation to 25C over arange larger than 10C should also be avoided.The testmethods were selected because of their extended range,sim-plicity,and general applicability(2).Examples of resultsproduce
7、d by the gas-saturation procedure during an interlabo-ratory evaluation are given in Table 1.These data have beentaken from Reference(3).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to a
8、ddress all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 2879 Test Met
9、hod for Vapor Pressure-Temperature Rela-tionship and Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquidsby IsoteniscopeE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 U.S.Environmental Protection Agency Test Guidelines:Toxic Substances Control Act Test G
10、uidelines;Final Rules,Vapor Pressure43.Terminology Definition3.1 vapor pressurea measure of the volatility in units ofor equivalent to kg/m2(pascal)of a substance in equilibriumwith the pure liquid or solid of that same substance at a giventemperature(4).4.Summary of Isoteniscope Method4.1 The isote
11、niscope method is a relatively simple techniqueto use for vapor pressures of liquids above 0.133 kPa.Theprocedure is fully described in Test Method D 2879.5.Summary of Gas-Saturation Method5.1 Pressures less than 1.33 kPa may be measured using thegas-saturation procedure(4).5.2 In this test method,a
12、n inert carrier gas(for example N2)is passed through a sufficient amount of compound to maintainsaturation for the duration of the test.The compound may becoated onto an inert support(for example glass beads)or it maybe in a liquid or solid granular form.The compound is removedfrom the gas stream us
13、ing a suitable agent(sorbent or cold1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E47 onBiological Effects and Environmental Fate and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E47.04 on Environmental Fate and Transport of Biologicals andChemicals.Current edition approved Oct.1,2007
14、.Published October 2007.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E 1194-01.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis test method.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service
15、 at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Federal Register,Vol 50,No.188,1985,pp.3927039273.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Cop
16、yright ASTM International Provided by IHS under license with ASTM Licensee=Committee on Institutional Cooperation/5967164001 Not for Resale,02/29/2012 21:35:43 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-trap).The amount of the test sample collected is then measuredusing gas chromatography or any other sensitive and specifictechnique capable of suitable mass detection limit for theintended purpose.6.Significance and Use6.1 Vapor pressure values can be used to predict