1、Designation:E18615Standard Reference Radiographs forHeavy-Walled(2 to 412in.(50.8 to 114 mm)Steel Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E186;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revi
2、sion.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 Thesereferenceradiographs2illustratevariouscate
3、gories,types and severity levels of discontinuities occur-ring in steel castings that have section thicknesses of 2 to lessthan 412in.(50.8 to 114 mm).The reference radiograph filmsare an adjunct to this document and must be purchasedseparately from ASTM International,if needed(see 2.2).Categories a
4、nd severity levels for each discontinuity typerepresented by these reference radiographs are described in1.2.1.Note that the basis of application for these referenceradiographs requires a prior purchaser/supplier agreement ofradiographic examination attributes and classification criterionas describe
5、d in Sections 4,6,and 7 of this standard.Referenceradiographs for other steel casting thicknesses may be found inReference Radiograph standards E446 and E280.ReferenceRadiograph standards E446 and E280 provide some overlap ofseverity levels for similar discontinuity categories within thesame energy
6、level range(see 4.2,5.1,and 6.3)1.2 These reference radiographs consist of three separatevolumes as follows:1.2.1 Volume I:1MV X-rays and Iridium 192(called“1 to2Mev X-rays”in previous editions)-Set of 28 plates(nominal5 by 8 in.(127 by 203 mm)in a 15 by 17 in.(381 by 432 mm)ring binder).1.2.2 Volum
7、e II:2MV X-rays and Cobalt-60(called“gamma rays”in previous editions).This includes cobalt-60 orequivalent isotope radiation and from 2MV up to 4MVX-rays-Set of 28 plates(nominal 5 by 8 in.)in a 15 by 17 in.ring binder.1.2.3 Volume III:4MV to 30MV X-rays(called“10 to 24Mev X-rays”in previous edition
8、s)-Set of 28 plates(nominal 5by 8 in.)in a 15 by 17 in.ring binder.1.2.4 Unless otherwise specified in a purchaser supplieragreement(see 1.1),each volume is for comparison only withproduction radiographs produced with radiation energy levelswithin the thickness range covered by this standard.Eachvol
9、ume consists of three categories of graded discontinuities inincreasing severity levels,and three categories of ungradeddiscontinuities.Reference radiographs containing ungradeddiscontinuities are provided as a guide for recognition of aspecific casting discontinuity type where severity levels are n
10、otneeded.Following is a list of discontinuity categories,typesand severity levels for the adjunct reference radiographs of thisstandard:1.2.4.1 Category AGas porosity;severity levels 1 through5.1.2.4.2 Category BSand and slag inclusions;severitylevels 1 through 5.1.2.4.3 Category CShrinkage;three ty
11、pes:(1)Calinear shrinkageseverity levels 1 through 5.(Called Type 1 in previous revisions)(2)Cbfeathery shrinkageSeverity levels 1 through 5.(Called Type 2 in previous revisions)(3)Ccsponge shrinkageSeverity levels 1 through 5.(Called Type 3 in previous revisions)1.2.4.4 Category DCrack;one illustra
12、tion(D3 in pre-1972 documents).1.2.4.5 Category EHot tear;one illustration in pre-1972documents.1.2.4.6 Category FInsert;one illustration(EB3 in pre-1972 documents).1.3 From time to time,there may be minor changes to theprocess for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunctmaterials.These cha
13、nges could include changes in the films orprocessing chemicals used,changes in the dies or printing forthe cardboard mats,etc.;however,in all cases,these changesare reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee andall reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototypeimage to ensure
14、 that there are no changes to the acceptancelevel represented by the reference radiographs.Therefore,theadjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with thisstandard regardless of the date of production or the revisionlevel of the text standard.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to
15、 be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematical1These reference radiographs are under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeE07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteesE07.02 on Reference Radiological Images and E07.93 on Illustration Monitorin
16、g.Current edition approved Sept.1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E186-10.DOI:10.1520/E0186-15.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related ReferenceRadiographs SE 186 in Section V of that Code.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 conversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This stan