1、Designation:E2076/E2076M15Standard Practice forExamination of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Fan BladesUsing Acoustic Emission1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2076/E2076M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of rev
2、ision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice provides guidelines for acoustic emission(AE)examinations of fiberglass reinforced plasti
3、c(FRP)fanblades of the type used in industrial cooling towers and heatexchangers.1.2 This practice uses simulated service loading to deter-mine structural integrity.1.3 This practice will detect sources of acoustic emission inareas of sensor coverage that are stressed during the course ofthe examina
4、tion.1.4 This practice applies to examinations of new and in-service fan blades.1.5 This practice is limited to fan blades of FRPconstruction,with length(hub centerline to tip)of less than 3m 10 ft,and with fiberglass content greater than 15%byweight.1.6 AE measurements are used to detect emission s
5、ources.Other nondestructive examination(NDE)methods may beused to evaluate the significance of AE sources.Procedures forother NDE methods are beyond the scope of this practice.1.7 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated
6、 in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It
7、is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE650 Guide for Mou
8、nting Piezoelectric Acoustic EmissionSensorsE750 Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission Instru-mentationE976 Guide for Determining the Reproducibility ofAcousticEmission Sensor ResponseE1067 Practice forAcoustic Emission Examination of Fiber-glass Reinforced Plastic Resin(FRP)Tanks/VesselsE11
9、06 Test Method for Primary Calibration of AcousticEmission SensorsE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE2374 Guide for Acoustic Emission System PerformanceVerification2.2 ASNT Documents:3SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for NondestructiveTesting Personnel Qualification and CertificationANS
10、I/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel2.3 Aerospace Industries Association Document:4NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of NondestructiveTesting Personnel2.4 ISO Standard:5ISO 9712 Non-Destructive TestingQualification and Cer-tification o
11、f NDT Personnel3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispractice,see Terminology E1316.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 onAcoustic Emission Method.Current edition
12、approved Dec.1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2076-10.DOI:10.1520/E2076_E2076M-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards
13、 volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing(ASNT),P.O.Box28518,1711 Arlingate Ln.,Columbus,OH 43228-0518,http:/www.asnt.org.4Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America,Inc.(AIA),1000Wil
14、son Blvd.,Suite 1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http:/www.aia-aerospace.org.5Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),ISOCentral Secretariat,BIBC II,Chemin de Blandonnet 8,CP 401,1214 Vernier,Geneva,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end
15、of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice consists of subjecting individual FRP fanblades to increasing load while monitoring with sensors thatare sensitive to acoustic emission
16、(transient stress waves)caused by growing flaws.4.2 This practice provides guidelines to determine the zonallocation of structural flaws in FRP fan blades.4.3 The test load,applied at the blade tip is calculated toprovide 100%of the maximum allowable operating(bending)load at the blade-hub interface.4.4 This practice is intended to simulate the bending load.Torsional and centrifugal loads are not simulated by thispractice.4.5 Structurally insignificant flaws may produce acousticemission.5.Signif