1、Designation:E147897(Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forVisual Color Evaluation of Transparent Sheet Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1478;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of las
2、t revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice was developed to help its users criticallyjudge the transmitted color appearance of transparent sheetmaterials.I
3、ts primary application is for colored flat glass andplastic materials.1.2 This practice is not meant to be used to evaluate colorsof curved,diffusing,self-luminous,or opaque materials.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresp
4、onsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated
5、Opaque MaterialsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE1499 Guide for Selection,Evaluation,and Training ofObservers2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTMColor PhotoOutdoor Specimen Holder33.Terminology3.1 For the definitions of appearance terms used in thispractice,refer to Terminology E284.4.Summary of Practice4.1 This pr
6、actice describes the recommended visual proce-dure to evaluate color by transmittance of transparent sheetmaterials.The spatial relationships between the observer,materials,and light source are prescribed in order to derivegood color judgments from their interactions.5.Significance and Use5.1 This p
7、ractice applies to production quality control andcustomer acceptance of regularly transmitting sheet materialssuch as tinted windows where visual color discrimination iscritical.6.Apparatus6.1 The apparatus shall consist of specimen holders,productcolor standards,and defined light sources.6.1.1 Spec
8、imen HoldersThese devices must hold thespecimen(s)and standard in contiguous positions,in the sameplane,so that they may be viewed,relative to the light source,for maximum color discrimination.6.1.1.1 An indoor specimen holder should be a ventilatedbox,coated with a flat white ceiling paint on its i
9、nside,containing evenly spaced fluorescent lamps with a flat,whitediffuser(glass or plastic)between them and the samples,andhave edge supports for the specimens and standards.Fig.1 istypical,housing two Standard Cool White Fluorescent(CIEF2)4lamps.6.1.1.2 An outdoor specimen holder3should allow thes
10、pecimen and standard to be viewed contiguously in the sameplane with daylight transmitted through them.Alternatively,the transmitted light may be viewed after reflection from adiffuse colored surface,such as a carpet,to enhance colordifference.These holders are usually large window framestructures.S
11、ee Fig.2.6.1.2 Product Color StandardsThese standards shall besimilar in shape,size,and spectral characteristics to specimensbeing evaluated for color.The observer shall use color-tolerance standards to provide an unambiguous judgment of aproducts acceptable color limits.7.Test Specimen Preparation7
12、.1 Take enough production test specimens from knownsampling positions to properly disclose the products visualcolor range.Refer to Fig.3.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.11 on VisualMethods.Curr
13、ent edition approved Nov.1,2015.Published November 2015.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1478 97(2009).DOI:10.1520/E1478-97R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of
14、 ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct ADJE1478.Original adjunct produced in 1992.4See Publication CIE No.15.2,Tables 3.1 and 3.2.CIE Publications areavailable from U.S.National C
15、ommittee of the CIE(International Commission onIllumination),C/o Thomas M.Lemons,TLA-Lighting Consultants,Inc.,7 Pond St.,Salem,MA 01970,http:/www.cie-usnc.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 Size and shape the test sp
16、ecimens for viewing to affordmaximum color discrimination.Prepare according to industrystandards.7.3 Test specimens should be clean and free of physicalsurface defects.8.Procedure8.1 Test a manufacturers observer(s)for normal colorvision.Refer to Guide E1499.8.2 The evaluation procedure will depend upon whether thestandard and the test specimen colors are compared indoors oroutdoors,that is,upon which light source is used for the colorjudgements.8.2.1 Indoor EvaluationThe observer should be loca