ImageVerifierCode 换一换
格式:PDF , 页数:8 ,大小:118.09KB ,
资源ID:169593      下载积分:12 积分
快捷下载
登录下载
邮箱/手机:
温馨提示:
快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。 如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
特别说明:
请自助下载,系统不会自动发送文件的哦; 如果您已付费,想二次下载,请登录后访问:我的下载记录
支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付 微信扫码支付   
验证码:   换一换

加入VIP,免费下载
 

温馨提示:由于个人手机设置不同,如果发现不能下载,请复制以下地址【https://www.wnwk.com/docdown/169593.html】到电脑端继续下载(重复下载不扣费)。

已注册用户请登录:
账号:
密码:
验证码:   换一换
  忘记密码?
三方登录: QQ登录  

下载须知

1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。
2: 试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。
3: 文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 本站仅提供交流平台,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

版权提示 | 免责声明

本文(ASTM_E_1821_-_08_2015.pdf)为本站会员(益****师)主动上传,蜗牛文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知蜗牛文库(发送邮件至admin@wnwk.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

ASTM_E_1821_-_08_2015.pdf

1、Designation:E182108(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forDetermination of Carbohydrates in Biomass by GasChromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1821;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the

2、year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method gives a reproducible way to quantitatively determine in lignocellulosic materialsthe kind and amo

3、unt of the structural carbohydrates made from arabinose,xylose,mannose,galactose,and glucose.This way is accomplished by first hydrolyzing the carbohydrates to their constituentmonosaccharides.Subsequent derivatization produces the corresponding alditol acetates that arequantified using capillary ga

4、s chromatography.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the determination of struc-tural carbohydrates present in a biomass sample,expressed asthe percent mass of an oven-dried sample basis of eachanhydrosugar.1.2 Sample materials suitable for this procedure includehard and softwoods,herbaceous mater

5、ials,such as sericea andswitchgrass,agricultural residues,such as corn stover,wheatstraw,and bagasse,wastepaper,such as boxboard,office waste,and newsprint,acid or alkaline-pretreated biomass,washedfree of any residual acid or alkali,and the solid fraction offermentation residues.1.3 The options for

6、 the types of samples to be analyzed inthis procedure are:1.3.1 Prepared Biomass Samples:1.3.1.1 Air Dried MaterialResults are reported as thepercent by mass,based on the oven-dried mass of the air-driedsample.1.3.1.2 45C Dried MaterialResults are reported as thepercent by mass,based on the oven-dri

7、ed mass of the 45Cdried sample.1.3.1.3 Freeze Dried MaterialResults are reported as thepercent by mass,based on the oven-dried mass of the freezedried sample.1.3.2 Extractives-Free SampleResults are reported as thepercent by mass,based on the oven-dried mass of the extractedsample.1.4 This standard

8、method is generally not suitable forsamples that contain soluble,nonstructural carbohydrates un-less they are removed prior to analysis.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to add

9、ress all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 8 forspecific hazards statements.2.Referenced D

10、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE1690 Test Method for Determination of Ethanol Extrac-tives in BiomassE1721 Test Method for Determination of Acid-InsolubleResidue in BiomassE1756 Test Method for Determination of Total Solids inBiomassE1757 Practice for Preparation of

11、 Biomass for Composi-tional Analysis3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 anhydrosugars,nthe nominal repeating unit of apolysaccharide.Whenpolysaccharidesundergoacid1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E48 onBioenergy and Industrial Chemicals

12、from Biomass and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E48.05 on Biomass Conversion.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E1821-08.DOI:10.1520/E1821-08R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM websi

13、te,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 hydroly

14、sis,each repeating unit adds a single molecule of waterto form the free monosaccharide that is analyzed.The extraweight from this water of hydrolysis must be taken in toaccount whencalculating the actual mass percent of the poly-saccharide in the original biomass sample.3.1.2 as received biomass,nma

15、terial as it is received in itsfield or process collected state.3.1.3 extractives-free biomassair-dried solids left afterbiomass has been treated according to Test Method E1690.3.1.4 oven-dried mass,nthe moisture-free mass of anybiomass sample(as received,prepared,extractives-free,etc.)dried at 105C

16、 as described in Test Method E1756.3.1.5 prepared biomass,nas received biomass materialthat has been treated according to Practice E1757 in order toraise the total solids content above 85%,based on an oven-dried solids weight.3.1.6 structural carbohydrates,npolysaccharides thatcannot be removed by extraction with solvents and are liber-ated from the biomass solids with dilute acid hydrolysis.Forthe purpose of this test method,the monosaccharides that areconsidered present are arabinose,xylose,ma

copyright@ 2008-2023 wnwk.com网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:浙ICP备2024059924号-2