1、Designation:E242015Standard Guide forPost-Deactivation Surveillance and Maintenance ofRadiologically Contaminated Facilities1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2420;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,th
2、e year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide outlines a method for developing a Surveil-lance and Maintenance(S&M)plan for inactive nuclearfaciliti
3、es.It describes the steps and activities necessary toprevent loss or release of radioactive or hazardous materials,and to minimize physical risks between the deactivation phaseand the start of facility decontamination and decommissioning(D&D).1.2 The primary concerns for S&M are related to(1)animali
4、ntrusion,(2)structural integrity degradation,(3)water in-leakage,(4)contamination migration,(5)unauthorized person-nel entry,and(6)theft/intrusion.This document is intended toserve as a guide only,and is not intended to modify existingregulations.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1167 Guide
5、 for Radiation Protection Program for Decom-missioning OperationsE1819 Guide for Environmental Monitoring Plans for De-commissioning of Nuclear FacilitiesE1892 Guide for Preparing Characterization Plans for De-commissioning Nuclear FacilitiesE1893 Guide for Selection and Use of Portable Radiological
6、Survey Instruments for Performing In Situ RadiologicalAssessments to Support Unrestricted Release from Fur-ther Regulatory Controls2.2 Nuclear Regulatory Commission Documents:3NUREG-1576 Multi-Agency Radiological Laboratory Ana-lytical Protocols(MARLAP)NUREG-1575 Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Si
7、te In-vestigation Manual(MARSSIM),Revision 1,August2000NUREG-1575-Supplement 1 Multi-Agency Radiation Sur-vey and Assessment of Materials and Equipment Manual(MARSAME)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 deactivationto remove a facility from service.De-activation means the facility is placed in a safe
8、 and stablecondition.3.1.2 decommissionto remove a nuclear facility safelyfrom service and reduce residual radioactivity and otherhazardous materials to levels that permit release of the propertyor facility for unrestricted use and termination of any appli-cable license(s).3.1.3 decontaminationthose
9、 activities employed to reducethe levels of radioactive and hazardous contamination in or onstructures,equipment,and materials.3.1.4 nuclear facilitya facility whose operations involve(or involved)radioactive materials in such form or quantitythat radiological controls are(or were)required to protec
10、temployees,the environment,or the general public.3.1.4.1 DiscussionIncluded are facilities that are(or were)used to produce,process,use,or store radioactive materials.Some examples are nuclear reactors(power,test,or research),fuel fabrication plants,fuel reprocessing plants,uranium/thorium mills,Ura
11、nium Hexaflouride(UF-6)production andenrichment plants,research laboratories using radioactivematerials,chemical processing facilities,and radioactive wastedisposal sites.3.1.5 standbya condition in which a nuclear facility hasbeen deactivated,but in such a way that it could be restarted forits orig
12、inal purpose.3.1.5.1 DiscussionCritical systems are maintained inworking order with regularly scheduled maintenance activitiesperformed.Surveillance and Maintenance(S&M)require-ments for facilities placed in standby are much more demand-ing than for those which are deactivated for planned decom-miss
13、ioning.Operations procedures are usually maintained forfacilities placed in standby.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on NuclearTechnology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE10.03 on Radiological Protection for Decontamination and Decommissioni
14、ng ofNuclear Facilities and Components.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 2005.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2420-10.DOI:10.1520/E2420-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at ser
15、viceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S.Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC),One White FlintNorth,11555 Rockville Pk.,Rockville,MD 20852-2738,http:/www.nrc.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100
16、Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.6 S&Mthe act of performing periodic inspections,andrelated maintenance activities on facilities which have beendeactivated and are awaiting the start of decommissioning.4.Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide the userinformation and guidance for preparation of a plan for thesurveillance and maintenance of nuclear facilities that havebeen deactivated and are awaiting D&D.4.1.1 This document