1、Designation:D674721Standard Guide forSelection of Techniques for Electrical Leak Location ofLeaks in Geomembranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6747;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of l
2、ast revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide is intended to assist individuals or groups inassessing different options available for locating leaks ininstalle
3、d geomembranes using electrical methods.For clarity,this guide uses the term“leak”to mean holes,punctures,tears,knife cuts,seam defects,cracks,and similar breaches in aninstalled geomembrane(as defined in 3.2.6).1.2 This guide does not cover systems that are restricted toseam testing only,nor does i
4、t cover systems that may detectleaks non-electrically.It does not cover systems that onlydetect the presence,but not the location,of leaks.1.3(WarningThe electrical methods used for geomem-brane leak location could use high voltages,resulting in thepotential for electrical shock or electrocution.Thi
5、s hazardmight be increased because operations might be conducted inor near water.In particular,a high voltage could exist betweenthe water or earth material and earth ground,or any groundedconductor.These procedures are potentially very dangerous,and can result in personal injury or death.The electr
6、icalmethods used for geomembrane leak location should beattempted only by qualified and experienced personnel.Appro-priate safety measures must be taken to protect the leaklocation operators as well as other people at the site.)1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other
7、 units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applic
8、ability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the
9、 World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD7002 Practice for Electrical Leak Location on ExposedGeomembranes Using the Water Puddle MethodD7007 Practices for Electrical Methods for Locating Leaksin
10、Geomembranes Covered with Water or Earthen Mate-rialsD7240 Practice for Electrical Leak Location UsingGeomembranes with an Insulating Layer in IntimateContact with a Conductive Layer via Electrical Capaci-tance Technique(Conductive-Backed GeomembraneSpark Test)D7703 Practice for Electrical Leak Loca
11、tion on ExposedGeomembranes Using the Water Lance MethodD7852 Practice for Use of an Electrically Conductive Geo-textile for Leak Location SurveysD7953 Practice for Electrical Leak Location on ExposedGeomembranes Using the Arc Testing MethodD8265 Practices for Electrical Methods for Mapping Leaksin
12、Installed Geomembranes3.Terminology3.1 For general definitions used in this guide,refer toTerminology D4439.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 conductive-backed geomembrane,na specialtygeomembrane manufactured using the co-extrusion processwith an insulating layer in intimate c
13、ontact with a conductivelayer.3.2.2 conductive drainage geocomposite,na specialtydrainage geocomposite manufactured with one or severalconductive geotextiles.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembr
14、anes.Current edition approved Aug.1,2021.Published August 2021.Originallyapproved in 2002.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6747 15.DOI:10.1520/D6747-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of A
15、STMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principl
16、es on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.3.2.3 conductive geotextile,na specialty geotextile manu-factured with an electrically conductive element or fiber orexternal treatment to make it electrically conductive.3.2.4 electrical leak location,na method which useselectrical current or electrical potential to locate leaks i