1、Designation:D659819Standard Guide forInstalling and Operating Settlement Points for MonitoringVertical Deformations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6598;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、 last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide provides recommended designs and proce-dures for the fabrication,installation,operation,and reading ofsettleme
3、nt point(s)to determine the magnitude and rate offoundation,fill settlements,or both generally under a fill orembankment load.Two types of settlement points are described those being monitored by elevation surveys from an externalbench mark and those that include an internal reference systemsupporte
4、d on unyielding soil or rock beneath the compressiblelayer(s)of interest.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not rec
5、ommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgement.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable inall circumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended torepresent or replace the standard of care by whi
6、ch theadequacy of a given professional service must be judged,norshould this document be applied without consideration of aprojects many unique aspects.The word“standard”in thetitle of this document means only that the document has beenapproved through the ASTM consensus process.1.4 This standard do
7、es not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international s
8、tandard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Re
9、ferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Groundw
10、aterMonitoring WellsD5782 Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling forGeoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation ofSubsurface Water-Quality Monitoring DevicesD5872 Guide for Use of Casing Advancement DrillingMethods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installa-tion of Subsurface Water Qua
11、lity Monitoring DevicesD5876 Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline CasingAdvancement Drilling Methods for GeoenvironmentalExploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-QualityMonitoring DevicesD6914 Practice for Sonic Drilling for Site Characterizationand the Installation of Subsurface Monitori
12、ng Devices3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 anchor,na device that holds the settlement pointsystem in place and serves as a fixed reference point at the baseo
13、f a settlement point system.3.2.2 extendible riser,na metal shaft or pipe that can beincrementally lengthened using sections of the same materialand appropriate couplings as fill is placed and compacted toensure that the top of the riser remains above the level of thesurrounding ground surface.1This
14、 guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.23 on Field Instrumentation.Current edition approved Nov.1,2019.Published November 2019.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D659811.DOI:10.1520/
15、D6598-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
16、standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 3.2.3 external reference point system,nsystem for deter-mining the a