1、Designation:D609397(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forPercent Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or PigmentedCoatings Using a Helium Gas Pycnometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6093;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentvolume nonvolatile matter of
3、 a variety of clear and pigmentedcoatings.The approach used should provide faster and moreaccurate results than the use of the liquid displacementtechnique in Test Method D2697,particularly for coatings thatare difficult to wet or that contain voids,cracks or other defects.The improvement in accurac
4、y stems from the superior abilityof helium gas under pressure to penetrate very small pores andsurface irregularities in dried films.This provides a moreaccurate determination of void volumes than can be obtainedvia liquid displacement.1.2 The technique will provide results under the followingconstr
5、aints:1.2.1 The stability of the helium gas pycnometer is greaterthan 60.005 cm31.2.2 Test specimen weights are greater than 1 g.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for infor
6、mation onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory
7、limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings,Inks,and Related ProductsD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of CoatingsD2697 Test Method for Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clearor Pigmented CoatingsD3960 Practice for Determining V
8、olatile Organic Compound(VOC)Content of Paints and Related CoatingsD4708 Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films ofOrganic CoatingsE180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTMMethods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-cialty Chemicals(Withdrawn 2009)32.2 Other Documents:2.2
9、.1 Directions for obtaining appropriate instruction manu-als on the use,care,and operation of the instruments andequipment are listed in Section 5,(Apparatus).3.Summary of Test Method3.1 This procedure measures the volume of nonvolatilematerial in a dried or baked coating film.A helium gaspycnometer
10、 is used to determine the volume occupied by a filmby measuring the reduction of gas capacity in the pycnometersample chamber caused by the presence of the test specimen.(The actual measurement is accomplished with a pressuretransducer that measures the difference in pressure between theempty sample
11、 compartment and when loaded.The volumeoccupied by the coating sample is then calculated from theIdeal Gas Law.)The weight of the specimen is also measuredand the two values are used to calculate the dry film density.3.2 The percent volume nonvolatile content of a coating iscalculated using the dry
12、film density,liquid coating density,and the weight percent nonvolatile content of the coating.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method measures the volume of dry coatingobtainable from a given volume of liquid coating.This value isuseful for calculating the volatile organic content(VOC)of acoating
13、 and could be used to estimate the coverage(square feetof surface covered at a specified dry film thickness per unitvolume)obtainable with different coating products.NOTE1In Practice D3960 paragraph 10.3.1,the equation for calcu-lating the VOC content using the percent volume nonvolatile is given.1T
14、his test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved June 1,2011.Published June 2011.Originallyapprove
15、d in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6093 97(2003).DOI:10.1520/D6093-97R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary
16、 page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Prior to this method a satisfactory procedure for measuring percentvolume nonvolatile did not exist(see Note 11 in Practice D3960).NOTE2Since the actual coverage of a coating includes the voidvolume and the porosity of the film,the coverage value calculated fromthis method will be