1、2023年考研英语一真题及参考答案2023年考研英语一 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank.and markA，B，CorDon ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineer to supervise a series of experiments at a telephone-part
2、s factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting _1_ workers productivity. Instead，the studies ended_2_ giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect the extremely influential idea the very_3_to being experimented upon changed subjects behavior The id
3、ea arose because of the_4_behavior of the women in the plant.According to _5_of the experiments their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the experiment. _7_something was changed productivity rose . A(n) _8_ that they were being
4、 experimented upon seemed to be _9_to alter workers behavior _10_ itself After several decades，the same data were _11_to econometric the analysis Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12 the descriptions on record，no systematic _13_was found that levels of productivity were related to cha
5、nges in lighting It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to _14_interpretation of what happened._15_，lighting was always changed on a Sunday When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the previous Saturday and _17_ to rise for the next coup
6、le of days _18_ ，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers _19_to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case，before _20_a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged “Hawthorne effect is
7、 hard to pin down 1.A affected Bachieved Cextracted Drestored 2. Aat Bup Cwith Doff 3. Atruth Bsight Cact Dproof 4. Acontroversial Bperplexing Cmischievous Dambiguous 5. Arequirements Bexplanations Caccounts Dassessments 6. Aconclude Bmatter Cindicate Dwork 7. Aas far as Bfor fear that Cin case that
8、 Dso long as 8. Aawareness Bexpectation Csentiment Dillusion 9. Asuitable Bexcessive Cenough Dabundant 10. Aabout Bfor Con Dby 11. Acompared Bshown Csubjected Dconveyed 12. Acontrary to Bconsistent with Cparallel with Dpeculiar to 13.Aevidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource 14.Adisputable Benlighten
9、ing Creliable Dmisleading 15.AIn contrast BFor example CIn consequence DAs usual 16. Aduly Baccidentally Cunpredictably Dsuddenly 17. Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued 20.Abreaking Bclimbing Csurpassing Dhitting Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions： Read the following four texts.Answer
10、the questions below each text by choosingA，B，CorD.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points) Text 2 Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its“one-clickonline payment system Merrill Lynch got legal protection
11、 for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for lying a box。 Now the nations top patent court appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-p
12、roperty lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal， says DermisD, Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law.It “has the potenti
13、al to eliminate an entire class of patents Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. T
14、hat ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pints to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against r
15、ivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2023, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice。 The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order s