1、Designation:D752016Standard Test Method forDetermining the Opacity of a Plume in the Outdoor AmbientAtmosphere1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7520;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、 revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the procedures to determinethe opacity of a plume,using digital imagery and associatedhardware and s
3、oftware.The aforementioned plume is causedby particulate matter emitted from a stationary point source inthe outdoor ambient environment.1.2 The opacity of emissions is determined by the applica-tion of a Digital Camera Opacity Technique(DCOT)thatconsists of a Digital Still Camera,Analysis Software,
4、and theOutput Functions content to obtain and interpret digital imagesto determine and report plume opacity.1.3 This method is suitable to determine the opacity ofplumes from zero(0)percent to one hundred(100)percent.1.4 Conditions that shall be considered when using thismethod to obtain the digital
5、 image of the plume include theplumes background,the existence of condensed water in theplume,orientation of the Digital Still Camera to the plume andthe sun(see Section 8).1.5 This standard describes the procedures to certify theDCOT,hardware,software,and method to determine theopacity of the plume
6、s.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Doc
7、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA)Docu-ment:3USEPA Method 9 Visual Determination of the Opacity ofEmi
8、ssions from Stationary Sources,40 CFR,Part 60,Appendix A-42.3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE)Document:4IEEE 12207-2008 Systems and Software EngineeringSoftware Life Cycle Processes(ISO/IEC 12207:2008(E),Edition:2nd,Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers,01-Feb-2008,
9、138pages,ISBN:97807381566372.4 Japanese Electronic and Information Technology Indus-tries Association(JEITA)Document:Exchangeable Image File Format(EXIF)for Digital StillCameras Joint Photographic Experts Group:JPEG fileformat version 2.21,JEITA CP-3451-1(English version)dated 2003-0952.5 Internatio
10、nal Organization for Standardization(ISO)Standard:6ISO 9001:2000(s)Quality Management Systems Require-ments3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 analysis softwaresoftware that w
11、hen combined witha defined operating environment:(a)inputs images captured bythe Digital Still Camera image capture devices;(b)producesopacity measurements from the combination of human1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of
12、 Subcommittee D22.03 on AmbientAtmospheres and Source Emissions.Current edition approved April 1,2016.Published April 2016.Originallyapproved in 2009.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7520 13.DOI:10.1520/D7520-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact A
13、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from United State Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA),ArielRios Bldg,1200 Pennsylvania Ave.,NW,Washington,DC 20460,http:/www.epa.o
14、rg.4Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.,(IEEE),1828 L St.,NW,Suite 1202,Washington,DC 20036-5104,http:/www.ieee.org.5Availablefromhttp:/www.jeita.or.jp/english/standard/list/list.asp?cateid=1&subcateid=4.6Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25
15、 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 interaction,open or proprietary calculations and algorithms,and image content viewing;(c)and then output said opacitymeasurement al
16、ong with Analysis Softwares configuration,image source documentation and other environmental param-eters.3.2.2 certifiedfor the purpose of this standard,certifiedrefers to achieving or excelling the requirements described inthis method.3.2.3 DCOT certification packagefor the purpose of thisstandard,certification package refers to 300 images(150 whitesmoke and 150 black smoke)captured against at least twodifferent backgrounds.3.2.4 DCOT operatorrefers to the human operating theDCOT system who rec