1、Designation:D5409/D5409M93(Reapproved 2010)1Standard Guide forSet of Data Elements to Describe a Groundwater Site;PartTwoPhysical Descriptors1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5409/D5409M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in
2、 the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEThe units statement in 1.4 and the designation were revised editorially in August 2010.1.Scope1
3、.1 This guide covers Part Two of three guides to be used inconjunction with Practice D5254 that delineates the datadesirable to describe a groundwater data collection or samplingsite.This guide identifies physical descriptors,such as con-struction and geologic elements,for a site.Part One(GuideD5408
4、)describes additional information beyond the minimumset of data elements that may be specified to identify anyindividual groundwater site,while Part Three identifies usagedescriptors,such as monitoring,for an individual groundwatersite.NOTE1A groundwater site is defined as any source,location,orsamp
5、ling station capable of producing water or hydrologic data from anatural stratum from below the surface of the earth.A source or facilitycan include a well,spring or seep,and drain or tunnel(nearly horizontalin orientation).Other sources,such as excavations,driven devices,boreholes,ponds,lakes,and s
6、inkholes,that can be shown to be hydraulicallyconnected to the groundwater are appropriate for the use intended.NOTE2Part One(Guide D5408)includes data confidence classifica-tion descriptor(one element),geographic location descriptors(fourelements),political regime descriptor(one element),source ide
7、ntifierdescriptors(four elements),legal descriptors(nine elements),ownerdescriptors(two elements),site visit descriptors(three elements),otheridentification descriptors(two elements),other data descriptors(threeelements),and remarks descriptors(three elements).Part Three(GuideD5410)includes monitori
8、ng descriptors(77 data elements),irrigationdescriptors(four data elements),waste site descriptors(nine dataelements),and decommissioning descriptors(eight data elements).For alist of descriptors in this guide,see Section 3.1.2 These data elements are described in terms used bygroundwater hydrologist
9、s.Standard references,such as theGlossary of Geology(1)2and various hydrogeologic profes-sional publications,are used to determine these definitions.Many of the suggested elements and their representative codesare those established by the Water Resources Division of theU.S.Geological Survey and used
10、 in the National WaterInformation Systems computerized data base(1-19).NOTE3The purpose of this guide is to suggest data elements that canbe collected for groundwater sites.This does not uniquely imply acomputer data base,but rather data elements for entry into any type ofpermanent file.NOTE4Compone
11、nt and code lists given with some of the dataelements,for example“Type of Spring,”are only suggestions.These listscan be modified,expanded,or reduced for the purpose intended by thecompany or agency maintaining the groundwater data file.NOTE5Use of trade names in this guide is for identification pur
12、posesonly and does not constitute endorsement by ASTM.1.3 This guide includes the data elements desirable todocument a groundwater site beyond those given in the“Minimum Set of Data Elements.”Some examples of the dataelements are well depth,contributing aquifer,and permanenceof spring.No single site
13、 will need every data element,forexample,springs do not need well depth and well casing data.Each record(group of related data elements)for a site hasmandatory data elements,such as the type of lift for the liftrecord.However,these elements are considered necessary onlywhen that specific record is g
14、athered for the site.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitspresented in brackets are to be regarded separately asstandard.The values stated in each system may not be exactequivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independentlyof the other.Combining values from the two sys
15、tems mayresult in non-conformance with the standard.1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight),while the unit for massis slugs.The rationalized slug unit is not given,unless dynamic(F=ma
16、)calculations are involved.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education or1This guide is un