1、Designation:D 4980 89(Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Methods forScreening of pH in Waste1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4980;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in
2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods are used to determine the pH of ahazardous waste liquid,sludge,semisolid and solid.SectionsTest Method ApH Screening by pH Paper9
3、-14Test Method BpH Screening by ElectrometricMeasurement15-221.2 Test Method A uses a wide-range pH paper for a rapidindication of pH to within about 1 pH unit.1.3 Test Method B uses a pH meter to measure within about0.1 pH unit.1.4 These test methods are designed and intended as apreliminary test t
4、o complement the more sophisticated quanti-tative analytical techniques that may be used to determine pH.These test methods offer,to the user,the option and the abilityto screen waste for potentially hazardous levels of acidity andalkalinity when the more sophisticated techniques are notavailable an
5、d the total waste composition is unknown.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory li
6、mitations prior to use.Specific hazardinformation is given in Section 6.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water2D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water23.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 screening analysisa preliminary qualitativ
7、e or semiquantitative test developed from classical qualitative andquantitative techniques that is designed to efficiently give theuser specific information about a waste that will aid indetermining waste identification,process compatibility andsafety in handling.4.Significance and Use4.1 These test
8、 methods are intended for use by those in thewaste management industries to characterize waste streams bypH.These methods will identify those waste materials that maydictate a specific waste management procedure due to highacidity or alkalinity.5.Reagents5.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals
9、 shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society wheresuch specifications are available.3Other grades may be used,provided it is first ascertained that the reage
10、nt is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.5.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type III of ASTM Specification D 1193.6.Hazards6.1 Avoid inhalation and skin a
11、nd eye contact of all hazard-ous materials.6.2 All measurements shall be done in a laboratory fumehood.7.Sampling7.1 Collect a representative sample of the waste.7.2 Samples should be analyzed as soon as possible aftercollection.8.Report8.1 The report shall include at a minimum:8.1.1 Sample identifi
12、cation,8.1.2 Date of test,8.1.3 Reference to the procedure applied,that is,testmethod and if applicable,dilution ratio,8.1.4 Analytical results,and8.1.5 Identification of the analyst.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 onWaste Management and is the direct responsibil
13、ity of Subcommittee D34.01.05 onScreening Methods.Current edition approved March 10,2003.Published June 2003.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 1989 as D 4980 89.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.01.3Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,Am.Chemical
14、Soc.,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by theAmerican Chemical Society,see Reagent Chemicals and Standards,by JosephRosin,D.Van Nostrand Co.,Inc.,New York,NY,and the United States Pharma-copeia.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Con
15、shohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.TEST METHOD ApH SCREENING BY pHPAPER9.Summary of Test Method A9.1 pH PaperA small portion of the sample is introducedonto full range pH paper.The results are visually compared tothe appropriate color chart and reported to 61 pH unit.10.Interferences10.1 Material
16、s that mask the pH paper,for example,oils,syrups,paint,etc.cause the visual detection of color on thepaper to be difficult.10.2 Strong dyes and solutions of deep colors can give falseresults.10.3 Oxidizers can bleach the pH paper.11.Apparatus11.1 Stirring Rod,Spatula,and Disposable Pipet or EyeDropper,for transferring sample to test paper.11.2 Disposable Beaker,Test Tube,etc.11.3 Vortex Mixer(optional).11.4 Separatory Funnel.12.Reagents and Materials12.1 Full range pH paper with a stated precisi