1、Designation:D501717Standard Test Method forDetermination of Linear Low Density Polyethylene(LLDPE)Composition by Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5017;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,i
2、n the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method determines the molar composition ofcopolymers prepared from ethylene(e
3、thene)and a secondalkene-1 monomer.This second monomer can include propene,butene-1,hexene-1,octene-1,and 4-methylpentene-1.1.2 Calculations of this test method are valid for productscontaining units EEXEE,EXEXE,EXXE,EXXXE,and ofcourse EEE where E equals ethene and X equals alkene-1.Copolymers conta
4、ining a considerable number of alkene-1blocks(such as,longer blocks than XXX)are outside the scopeof this test method.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
5、safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 8 for aspecific hazard statement.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsE177 Practice for Use
6、 of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE386 Practice for Data Presentation Relating to High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(NMR)Spec-troscopy(Withdrawn 2015)3E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE2977 Practice for Measurin
7、g and Reporting Performance ofFourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(FT-NMR)Spectrometers for Liquid SamplesIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units(SI):The Modern System43.Terminology3.1 Some units,symbols,and abbreviations used in this testmethod are summarized in
8、 IEEE/ASTM SI-10 and PracticeE386.Other abbreviations are listed as follows:3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.113Ccarbon 13,3.2.2 LLDPElinear low-density polyethylene,3.2.3 T1relaxation time,and3.2.4 TRpulse repetition time.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 With a few modifications,terms
9、used to designatedifferent carbon types were suggested by Carman.5Methinecarbons are identified by CH and branch carbons are labeledaccording to branch type as summarized in Table 1.Branchcarbons are numbered starting with the methyl as number one.3.3.2 Backbone methylene carbons are designated by a
10、 pairof Greek letters that specify the location of the nearest methinecarbon in each direction.For example,-methylene carbon isbetween two methine carbons or an,+methylene carbon hasone immediate methine neighbor and the second methinecarbon is located at least four carbons away.4.Summary of Test Me
11、thod4.1 Polymer samples are dispersed in hot solvent andanalyzed at high temperatures using Carbon-13 nuclear mag-netic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy.4.2 Spectra are recorded under conditions such that theresponse of each chemically different carbon is identical.Integrated responses for carbons origina
12、ted from the differentcomonomers are used for calculation of the copolymer com-position.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods.Current edition approved March 1,2017.Published March 201
13、7.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5017 96(2009)1.DOI:10.1520/D5017-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards
14、 Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from ASTM International Headquarters,100 Barr Harbor Drive,C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428.5Carman,C.J.,Harrington,R.A.,and Wilkes,C.E.,Macromolecules 1977,Vol10,p
15、.536.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization esta
16、blished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 5.Significance and Use5.1 Performance properties are dependent on the numberand type of short chain branches.This test method permitsmeasurement of these branches for ethylene copolymers withpropylene,butene-1,hexene-1,octene-1,and4-methylpentene-1.6.Apparatus6.1 NMR Spectrometer,13C pulse-Fourier transfo