1、Designation:D543513Standard Test Method forDiagnostic Soil Test for Plant Growth and Food ChainProtection1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5435;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revi
2、sion.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of quantity(Q)and intensity(I)results for several elements in soils,spoils,fly-ash,and ot
3、her soil substitutes to ascertain their suitabilityfor the growth of vegetation and possible adverse effects ofmetals on the food chain.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 All measured and calculated values sh
4、all conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practi
5、ces and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineer
6、ing Design and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataE617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and PrecisionMass Standards3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of common terms used in this standard,refer to Terminology D653.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Arepresentative
7、sample material to be tested is air dried,sieved to pass a 2-mm screen,equilibrated for 16 to 20 h withthe soil test solution containing the optimum activities(I)ofH3O+,Ca+,Mg+,K+andDTPA(diethyl-enetriaminepentaacetate)to render a small exchange of metalsfrom the solid phase to the solution phase.Th
8、is test method iscalibrated with respect to pH,K,Ca,Mg,H/(Ca+Mg)1/2,Mg/K,Ca/Mg,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Al,Pb,Ni,and Cd.In additionto the exchangeable or labile amounts(Q),or both,of the sameelements,comparable levels of the negative logarithm valuesanalogous to pH may be calculated using the ligand constantsfor
9、 the respective elements.5.Significance and Use5.1 The bioavailability of chemical elements is poorlyrelated to the chemical composition of soils and plant growthmedia containing a mineral or any type of adsorbed phase.Thechemical potential(pi for element,i,)is an intensity parameter(I),and the sorb
10、ed amount in equilibrium with the soil solutionis a measure of the quantity(Q).These parameters for eachelement(essential or toxic)should be measured in the presenceof other elements at or near the desired intensity.This testmethod is the only method that generates these results simul-taneously for
11、several elements.The computer software allowsthese values to be related to the total sorbed quantities of thedifferent elements.For many substrates,it has been found thatthe theory for the method holds to the degree that vegetationhas been established on many non-soil substrates and soil-water-food
12、chain problems have been evaluated by this testmethod.This test method has been used on many sites inPennsylvania and other locations to monitor the effect ofsewage sludge applications on land as a source of essentialelements for plants with no harmful effects on the food chain.It has also been used
13、 to evaluate synthetic soils produced fromfly-ash alone or as a component of coal refuse for theestablishment of vegetation on mine spoils,coal refuse piles,and abandoned mine lands.NOTE1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it,
14、and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.22 on Soil as a
15、Mediumfor Plant Growth.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5435 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/D5435-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceast
16、m.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 and objective testing/sampling/inspection and the like.Users of thisstandard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not initself assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many fa