1、Designation:D448610Standard Test Method forKinematic Viscosity of Volatile and Reactive Liquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4486;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of kinematicviscosity of transparent,Newtonian liquids which because oftheir reactivity,instability,or
3、 volatility cannot be used inconventional capillary kinematic viscometers.This test methodis applicable up to 2 105N/m2(2 atm)pressure andtemperature range from 53 to+135C(65 to+275F).1.1.1 For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity ofother liquids,see Test Method D445.1.2 WARNINGMercury has bee
4、n designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can causecentral nervous system,kidney and liver damage.Mercury,orits vapor,may be hazardous to health and corrosive tomaterials.Caution should be taken when handling mercury andmercury containing products.See the applicable produc
5、t Ma-terial Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for details and EPAswebsitehttp:/www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor addi-tional information.Users should be aware that selling mercuryand/or mercury containing products into your state or countrymay be prohibited by law.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all
6、 of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificwarning statements,see 7.2,7.3,7.4,and Annex A1.2.Refer
7、enced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 densitythe mass per unit volu
8、me of the liquid.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe cgs unit of density()has thedimensions of grams per cubic centimetre.The SI unit ofdensity has the dimensions of kilograms per cubic metre.3.1.2 kinematic viscosityThe ratio of the viscosity to thedensity of the liquid.3.1.2.1 DiscussionFor gravity flow under a
9、 given hydro-static head,the pressure head of a liquid is proportional to itsdensity.For any particular viscometer,the time of flow of afixed volume of liquid is directly proportional to/.This ratiois the kinematic viscosity coefficient().The cgs unit ofkinematic viscosity is the stoke and has the d
10、imensions ofcentimetre squared per second:the centistoke(0.01 St)isfrequently used.The SI unit of kinematic viscosity has thedimensions of metre2/second,and is equivalent to 104St.3.1.3 viscositythe ratio between the applied shear stressand rate of shear.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis ratio is called the co
11、efficient ofviscosity.The coefficient of viscosity()is thus a measure ofthe resistance to flow of the liquid.This is commonly called theviscosity of the liquid.The cgs unit of viscosity is the poise.P,which has the dimensions of dyne-seconds per square centi-metre:the centipoise(0.01 poise)is freque
12、ntly used.The SIunit of viscosity has the dimensions of newton second/metre2,and is equivalent to 10 P.3.1.4 vulnerable liquida liquid which by reason of itsvolatility,instability or reactivity in the presence of air or anyother specific gaseous medium may undergo physical orchemical changes that ma
13、y affect its viscosity.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The time is measured,in seconds,for a fixed volume ofliquid to flow under gravity through the capillary of theviscometer under a reproducible driving head and at a closely1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on PetroleumProdu
14、cts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.L0.07 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and Solids(Formally D02.1100).Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published November 2010.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2010 a
15、s D448691(2010).DOI:10.1520/D4486-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,
16、100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 controlled temperature.The kinematic viscosity is calculatedfrom the measured flow time and the calibration constant of theviscometer.5.Significance and Use5.1 Kinematic viscosity is a physical property which is ofimportance in the design of systems in which flowing liquidsare used or handled.6.Apparatus6.1 Viscometer ThermostatAny transparent liquid or va-por bath of sufficient depth such that at no time during the