1、Designation:D525822Standard Practice forAcid-Extraction of Elements from Sediments Using ClosedVessel Microwave Heating1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5258;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the yea
2、r of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the digestion of soils and sedimentsfor subsequent determination of acid-extractable concentra-ti
3、ons of certain elements by such techniques as atomic absorp-tion and atomic emission spectroscopy.1.1.1 Concentrations of arsenic,cadmium,copper,lead,magnesium,manganese,nickel,and zinc can be extracted fromthe preceding materials.Other elements may be determinedusing this practice.1.2 The analytica
4、l sample is arbitrarily defined as that whichpasses a 10-mesh(approximately 2 mm openings)screen andis prepared according to Practice D3974.1.3 Actual element quantitation can be accomplished byfollowing the various test methods under other appropriateASTM standards for element(s)of interest.1.4 The
5、 detection limit and linear concentration range foreach element is dependent on the atomic absorption or emis-sion spectrophotometric technique employed and may be foundin the manual accompanying the instrument used.1.5 Before selecting a digestion technique,the user shouldconsult the appropriate qu
6、antitation standard(s)for any specialanalytical considerations,and Practice D3974 for any specialpreparatory considerations.1.6 The extent of extraction of elements from soils andsediments by this method is dependent upon the physical andmineralogic characteristics of the prepared sample.1.7 The val
7、ues stated in both inch-pound and SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The values given inparentheses are for information purposes only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this
8、standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard statements,see Section 8.1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on
9、 standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3974 P
10、ractices for Extraction of Trace Elements fromSediments2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:3CFR Title 21,Part 1030,and Title 47,Part 183.Summary of Practice3.1 The chemical portion of this practice involves aciddigestion to dissociate the elements not interstitially bound insilicate lattices.3.2 The sam
11、ple is digested with nitric acid in a closedfluoropolymer vessel using microwave heating to an internalpressure of 100 psi(6.89 106dynes cm2).3.3 This practice provides a sample suitable for analysis byatomic absorption or emission spectrophotometry.4.Significance and Use4.1 Partial extraction of so
12、ils and sediments can provideinformation on the availability of elements to leeching,waterquality changes,or other site conditions.4.2 Rapid heating,in combination with temperatures inexcess of the atmospheric boiling point of nitric acid,reducessample preparation or reaction times.1This practice is
13、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved May 1,2022.Published June 2022.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D5258 21.DOI:10.
14、1520/D5258-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk
15、,DODSSP,Bldg.4,SectionD,700RobbinsAve.,Philadelphia,PA19111-5098,http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on
16、 standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.3 Little or no acids are lost to boiling or evaporation in theclosed digestion vessel so additional portions of acid may notbe required.Increased blank corrections from trace impuritiesin acid are minimized.5.Interferences5.1 No interferences to the digestion of soils and sedimentsus