1、Designation:D 4536 96An American National StandardStandard Test Method forHigh-Volume Sampling for Solid Particulate Matter andDetermination of Particulate Emissions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4536;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigi
2、nal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method can be used to estimate the particulatematter concent
3、ration in stationary source stacks.1.2 With the nozzle sizes specified herein,the method canbe used for stack stream velocities from approximately 4 to 45m/s(800 to 8 000 ft/min).1.3 Particulate matter present in a gaseous phase at thefiltration temperature will not be collected.If significantquanti
4、ties of condensible particulate matter are expected,thistest method may not be the method of choice.If the tempera-ture of the sampled gas at the filter is below the streamdewpoint this test method will not work.If moisture isexpected to condense between the filter and the orifice,this testmethod is
5、 not applicable unless a moisture collection device isplaced immediately upstream of the orifice and the samplingrate is adjusted for the volume of gas that condensed upstreamof the orifice.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to addr
6、ess all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 1071 Test Methods
7、 for Volumetric Measurement of Gas-eous Fuel Samples2D 1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheres3D 2986 Practice for Evaluation of Air Assay Media by theMonodisperse DOP(Dioctyl Phthalate)Smoke Test3D 3154 Test Method for Average Velocity in a Duct(PitotTube Method)3D 3464 Tes
8、t Method forAverage Velocity in a Duct Using aThermal Anemometer3E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers42.2Other Documents:40 CFR,Part 60,Environmental Protection Agency Method2,Appendix A,Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and Volumetric FlowRate(Type S Pitot Tube)5Oregon State Method,Standard Sa
9、mpling Method,Determi-nation of Particulate Emissions from Cyclones(HighVolume Method)63.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method,referto Terminology D 1356.3.2 Symbols:E5 total particulate emission rate:kg/h(lb/h)Fp5 pitot tube calibration factor(standard-type 5 1.0)I5 p
10、ercent isokinetic,%Aa5 area of stack at sampling points,m2(ft2)An5 area of nozzle,m2(ft2)Cg5 particulate concentration,g/m3(grains/ft3)M5 molecular weight of moist gas at stack conditionsMa5 volume fraction of moisture in stack gas,%Mo5 29.0,(molecular weight of air)Pstd5 standard atmospheric pressu
11、re,101.32 kPa(29.92in.Hg)Pa5 absolute pressure of stack gas kPa(in.Hg)Pbar5 barometric pressure corrected for elevation,kPa(in.Hg)Po5 orifice pressure drop,kPa(in.of water)Ps5 stack velocity pressure,kPa(in.of water)Q5 tack volumetric flow rate,dry m3/s(dry ft3/min)Ts5 stack temperature,degrees K(R)
12、Tstd5 standard temperature,298.2 K(537 R)To5 average orifice meter temperature,degrees K(R)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-22 onSampling and Analysis of Atmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions.Cu
13、rrent edition approved April 10,1996.Published June 1996.Originallypublished as D 4536 86.Last previous edition D 4536 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.05.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.5Available from Superintendent of Documents,U.S.Printin
14、g Office,Washing-ton,DC 20402.6Available from Oregon Department of Environmental Quality,Control Divi-sion,April 1972.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.NOTICE:This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.Cont
15、act ASTM International(www.astm.org)for the latest information.Vstd5 total volume of gas sampled corrected to drystandard conditions,m3(ft3)Vs5 average actual stack gas velocity at stack condi-tions,m/s(ft/min)Vs,std5 average actual stack gas velocity corrected to drystandard conditions,m/s(ft/min)W
16、5 total particulate sample mass,mgu5 sampling time of run,(min).4.Summary of Test Method4.1 By means of a sampling nozzle,particulate matter as acomponent of the flowing gas stream is withdrawn from thestack under approximate isokinetic conditions(Fig.1).Isoki-netic conditions are maintained within close limits throughoutthe sampling period in order to avoid erroneous results causedby mechanical separation of coarse particles(which may resultshould a velocity change occur at the nozzle).4.2 The