1、Designation:D455510Standard Test Method forDetermining Deformability and Strength of Weak Rock by anIn Situ Uniaxial Compressive Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4555;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of re
2、vision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the deform-ability and strength of large in situ specimens o
3、f rock by auniaxial compressive test.The test results take into account theeffect of both intact material behavior and the behavior ofdiscontinuities contained within the specimen block.1.2 This test method does not cover which type of specimenshould be tested or whether anisotropic factors should b
4、econsidered.The specifics of the test program need to bedeveloped prior to testing and possibly even before sampling.Such specifics would be dependent on the intended use of thedata,as well as any budgetary constraints and other factors,which are outside the scope of this test method.1.3 Theoretical
5、ly there is no limit to the size of the testspecimen;however,size will be controlled by the strength ofthe test specimen relative to the capacity of any loadingapparatus and bearing capacity of the surface the apparatusmust react against.Furthermore,the orientation and strength ofdiscontinuities rel
6、ative to the specimen geometry will be afactor limiting specimen size too.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.6 This standard does
7、not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:
8、2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and Cons
9、tructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataD6032 Test Method for Determining Rock Quality Designa-tion(RQD)of Rock CoreD7012 Test Methods for Compressive Strength and ElasticModuli of Intact Rock Core Specimens under VaryingStates of Stress and Temperatures3.Terminology3.
10、1 For definitions of terms used in this test method refer toTerminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 rock quality designation,RQDa method for quanti-tatively describing the nature of a rock mass from core borings.RQD is obtained by measuring the total length of all u
11、nweath-ered pieces of core greater than or equal to 100 mm anddividing the total by the length of the particular core run.Thisquantity is expressed as a percent and is used to classify in siturock.See Test Method D6032.3.2.2 average joint fragment volumethe average size ofdiscrete rock blocks deline
12、ated by joints(discontinuities)in thetest specimen.3.2.2.1 DiscussionAverage joint fragment volume is simi-lar to other rock mass rating factors such as block volume and1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.1
13、2 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved Jan.15,2010.Published March 2010.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4555 01(2005).DOI:10.1520/D4555-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org
14、.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 other me
15、thods described by Palmstrom3that take into accountdiscontinuities breaking up an otherwise intact rock mass intodiscrete rock blocks of various sizes,and can estimate theaverage volume and statistical distribution of all the discreteblocks in a volume of rock.This is analogous to measuring orsievin
16、g all the discrete blocks in a rock mass and determininga distribution of block sizes,much the same as is used todescribe the particle sizes of a soil specimen.Such informationmay explain any differences between test results.This could bea one,two or three dimensional value depending on the way itwas measured and the requirements of the program for whichit is to be used.3.2.3 volumetric joint count(Jv)the total number of joints(discontinuities)per unit length for each joint(discontinuity)set whi