1、Designation:E275410Standard Specification forDelphastus catalinae(Horn)(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2754;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers information on and the testmethod for determining the purity,sex ratio,and number oflive adults present in commerc
3、ial containers of Delphastuscatalinae(Horn),a predator of whitefly.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2200 Specification for Information Included with Packag-ing of Mult
4、i-Cellular Biological Control Organisms(Withdrawn 2010)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 viabilityqualitative assessment of activity of beetlesafter warming.3.1.2 life stage when shippedadult.3.1.3 name of productDelphastus catalinae(Horn).3.1.4 preferred host pr
5、eymost species of whitefly includ-ing,Trialeurodes vaporariorum,Bemisia tabaci.4.Classification4.1 PhylumArthropoda.4.2 ClassInsecta.4.3 OrderColeoptera.4.4 FamilyCoccinellidae.4.5 GenusDelphastus.4.6 Speciescatalinae.5.Physical Properties5.1 NumberShipments of D.catalinae must have a mini-mum numbe
6、r of live adult beetles as specified on container oraccompanying literature.5.2 Sex RatioD.catalinae has a male:female sex ratio of1:1.5.3 Sex IdentificationColor of both sexes is mostlyreddish-brown,male head and legs yellow;female similar tomale except head reddish-yellow.See Gordon4for a moredeta
7、iled description.6.Summary of Test Method(Determining the Viability,Purity,Sex Ratio,and Numbers of Living Adults inContainers of D.catalinae)6.1 The number of live beetles,sex ratio,and presence ofother live insects or mites will be determined by counting andexamining individual containers from shi
8、pments of D.catali-nae.7.Significance and Use7.1 The biological control of whitefly with D.catalinaedepends on accurate release rates of predators.Accuratepackaging,and maintenance of purity,sex ratio,and viabilityof shipments is critical to this success.This test will betypically employed by produc
9、ers and users of the product toassess the number of live biological control agents delivered.8.Materials8.1 Dissecting microscope or magnifier(10).8.2 Fine(#1)paint brush or forceps.8.3 Funnel.8.4 Holding container.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides and
10、Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular(Metazoan)Biological ControlOrganisms.Current edition approved April 1,2010.Published May 2010.DOI:10.1520/E275410.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact A
11、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Gordon,R.D.,South American Coccinellidae(Coleoptera)Part II
12、I:TaxonomicRevision of the Western Hemisphere Genus Delphastus Casey,Frustula entomol.,Vol 17,No.3,1994,pp.100101.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 8.5 Aspirator(Mod.1135A).59.Test Unit9.1 A single container of D.catalinae i
13、s considered a testunit.In large shipments,a minimum of three containers pershipment should be chosen randomly.10.Pre-Test Conditions10.1 If samples must be held before testing,hold containerswith D.catalinae out of direct sunlight between 10 and 12Cfor a maximum of 24 h prior to testing.11.Sample P
14、reparation and Treatment11.1 Cool samples to 5 to 10C for 1 to 2 h prior to testingto reduce activity of beetles.12.Counting Procedure12.1 To count the total number of beetles,gently tap aportion of the beetles from the container onto an 811 sheet ofwhite paper placed on a flat surface under bright
15、light at roomtemperature(18 to 21C)and immediately start countingactively moving beetles,brushing them as they are countedinto a second bottle using a funnel or an insect aspirator.Storethe live,counted beetles in a second container.Repeat theprocess until all the beetles are counted.While counting
16、thebeetles,remove any packing materials and identify and recordthe presence of any live arthropods other than adult D.catalinae beetles.Record live and dead beetles.Retain the livebeetles if the sex ratio is required.In multiple bottle shipments,check three bottles.13.Sex Ratio13.1 Normal sex ratio is 50%female.13.2 Count males and females using handling techniqueabove.The sex is determined by the color of the head:maleshave a yellow head and yellow legs,females have a reddish-yellow head.The he