1、Designation:D507790(Reapproved 2015)Standard Terminology Relating toElectrostatic Discharge(ESD)Packaging Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5077;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、 last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The terms and definitions in this standard are related toElectrostatic Discharge(ESD)Packaging Materials and ESDProtective
3、 Materials.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments2.2 EIA Standard:EIA-541 Packaging Material Standards for ESD,SensitiveItems33.Terminologyantistatic agenta chemical compound which,when impreg-nated or formulated into or topically appli
4、ed to a primarymaterial or substrate,gives the primary material antistaticproperties.See antistatic property.antistatic propertythe prevention of triboelectric chargegeneration by effectively minimizing the production of astatic charge when materials are separated from anothersurface.DISCUSSIONThe f
5、orword of EIA-541 states,“Antistatic no longerrefers to a resistivity range.Antistatic refers to a materials ability toresist triboelectric charge generation.A materials antistatic propensitydepends upon the nature of the material itself and the material withwhich it is in contact along with the mea
6、ns of surface separation.Theantistatic property is not a dependent function of material resistivity.Material resistivity is an intrinsic property used to define its degree ofconductivity without regard to other materials.”conductora substance or body that allows a flow of electriccurrent to pass con
7、tinuously along it or through it when asufficient voltage is applied across any two points.dielectric breakdowna threshold effect in a dielectric me-dium where,at some electric field strength across themedium,bound electrons become unbound and travelthrough the medium as a current.In solid media,the
8、 regionof the current path is permanently damaged.The unit ofmeasurement is usually volts per unit of thickness.electrically continuous surfacea surface that is electricallyconductive in that current can be passed at an applied voltagebetween any two points of its physical surface.electrical overstr
9、ess(EOS)overstress which may be due toESD or the operation of items beyond their electricalspecifications.electromagnetic shielda screen or other housing placedaround a device or circuit to reduce the effects on them fromboth electric and magnetic fields.electrostatic dischargethe transfer of electr
10、ostatic chargebetween bodies at different electrostatic potentials.electrostatic discharge(ESD)protective a property ofmaterials capable of one or more of the following:preventing the generation of static electricity.dissipating electrostatic changes over its surface or vol-ume.providing shielding f
11、rom ESD or electrostatic fields.electrostatic discharge sensitive(ESDS)a property ofitems in which they are inherently sensitive(ESDS)suscep-tible to either catastrophic failure or latent damage whenexposed to sources of ESD.Items are often categorized as totheir levels of sensitivity but in all cas
12、es require some meansof ESD protective packaging and handling.electrostatic shielda barrier or enclosure that prevents thepenetration of an electrostatic field.DISCUSSIONAn electrostatic shield may not offer much protectionagainst the effects of an electromagnetic field.Electromagnetic shields,howev
13、er,are good electrostatic shields.grounda metallic connection with the earth to establish zeropotential.DISCUSSIONThe ground is the voltage reference point in a circuit.There may or may not be an actual connection to earth,but it isunderstood that a point in the circuit said to be at ground potentia
14、l couldbe connected to earth without disturbing the operation of the circuit inany way.Grounds that can be used for static control work stations1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.11 on Terminology(definit
15、ions).Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published May 2015.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5077 90(2009).DOI:10.1520/D5077-90R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual
16、Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the Electronic Industries Association,2001 Eye St.,N.W.,Washington,DC 20006.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 include metal water pipes,any power ground,or any large metalstructural member of a building,vessel hull,etc.(See grounding.)groundingconnecting to ground or to a conductor that isgrounded.insu