1、Designation:D418517Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Metals in Workplace Atmospheres byFlame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4185;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of re
2、vision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the collection,dissolution,anddetermination of trace metals in workplace atmosph
3、eres,byflame atomic absorption spectrophotometry(FAAS).1.2 The sensitivity,detection limit,and optimum workingconcentration for 23 metals are given in Table 1.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard
4、does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Specific safetyprecautionary statem
5、ents are given in Section 9.)2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the AmbientAtmosphereD3195 Practice for Rotameter CalibrationD5337 Practice for Flo
6、w Rate Adjustment of Personal Sam-pling PumpsD7035 Test Method for Determination of Metals and Met-alloids in Airborne Particulate Matter by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry(ICP-AES)3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminolog
7、y D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 blank signalthat signal which results from all addedreagents and a clean membrane filter prepared and analyzedexactly in the same way as the samples.3.2.2 instrumental detection limitthat concentration of agiven element which produces
8、a signal three times the standarddeviation of the reagent blank signal.3.2.3 working range for an analytical precision better than3%the range of sample concentrations that will absorb 10 to70%of the incident radiation(0.05 to 0.52 absorbance units).NOTE1Values for instrumental detection limit may va
9、ry frominstrument to instrument.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Workplace air samples are collected on membrane filtersand treated with nitric acid to destroy the organic matrix and todissolve the metals present.The analysis is subsequently madeby flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry(FAAS).4.2 Samp
10、les and standards are aspirated the flame of anabsorption spectrophotometer.A hollow cathode or electrode-less discharge lamp for the metal being determined provides asource of characteristic radiation energy for that particularmetal.The absorption of this characteristic energy by the atomsof intere
11、st in the flame is related to the concentration of themetal in the aspirated sample.The flame and operatingconditions for each element are listed in Table 2.5.Significance and Use5.1 The health of workers in many industries is at riskthrough exposure by inhalation to toxic metals.Industrialhygienist
12、s and other public health professionals need to deter-mine the effectiveness of measures taken to control workers1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace AirQuality.Current edition approved Ma
13、rch 1,2017.Published March 2017.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4185 06(2011).DOI:10.1520/D4185-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume infor
14、mation,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization est
15、ablished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 exposures,and this is generally achieved by making workplaceair measurements.Exposure to some metal-conta
16、ining particleshas been demonstrated to cause dermatitis,skin ulcers,eyeproblems,chemical pneumonitis,and other physical disorders(1).35.2 FAAS is capable of quantitatively determining mostmetals in air samples at the levels required by federal,state,and local occupational health and air pollution regulations.Theanalysis results can be used for the assessment of workplaceexposures to metals in workplace air.6.Interferences6.1 In FAAS the occurrence of interferences is less commonthan in many oth