1、Designation:D405211Standard Test Method forDensity,Relative Density,and API Gravity of Liquids byDigital Density Meter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4052;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year
2、 of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determina
3、tion of the density,relative density,and API Gravity of petroleum distillates andviscous oils that can be handled in a normal fashion as liquidsat the temperature of test,utilizing either manual or automatedsample injection equipment.Its application is restricted toliquids with total vapor pressures
4、(see Test Method D5191)typically below 100 kPa and viscosities(see Test Method D445or D7042)typically below about 15 000 mm2/s at the tempera-ture of test.The total vapor pressure limitation however can beextended to 100 kPa provided that it is first ascertained that nobubbles form in the U-shaped,o
5、scillating tube,which canaffect the density determination.Some examples of productsthat may be tested by this procedure include:gasoline andgasoline-oxygenate blends,diesel,jet,basestocks,waxes,andlubricating oils.1.1.1 Waxes and highly viscous samples were not includedin the 1999 interlaboratory st
6、udy(ILS)sample set that wasused to determine the current precision statements of themethod,since all samples evaluated at the time were analyzedat a test temperature of 15C.Wax and highly viscous samplesrequire a temperature cell operated at elevated temperaturesnecessary to ensure a liquid test spe
7、cimen is introduced foranalysis.Consult instrument manufacturer instructions forappropriate guidance and precautions when attempting toanalyze wax or highly viscous samples.Refer to the Precisionand Bias section of the method and Note 8 for more detailedinformation about the 1999 ILS that was conduc
8、ted.1.2 In cases of dispute,the referee method is the one wheresamples are introduced manually as in 6.3 or 6.4,as appropri-ate for sample type.1.3 This test method should not be applied to samples sodark in color that the absence of air bubbles in the sample cellcannot be established with certainty
9、.For the determination ofdensity in crude oil samples use Test Method D5002.1.4 The values stated in SI units are regarded as thestandard,unless stated otherwise,such as the“torr”units ofpressure in Eq 1.The accepted units of measure for density aregrams per millilitre(g/mL)or kilograms per cubic me
10、tre(kg/m3).1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For spe
11、cificwarning statements,see 7.4,7.5,and 10.3.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products(Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D1193 Spe
12、cification for Reagent WaterD1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement TablesD1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density(SpecificGravity),or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD
13、4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4377 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiomet-ric Karl Fischer TitrationD5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofCrude Oils by Digital Density AnalyzerD5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
14、ucts(Mini Method)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods.Current edition approved Oct.15,2011.Published December 2011.Originallyapproved in 1981.La
15、st previous edition approved in 2009 as D405209.DOI:10.1520/D4052-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websi
16、te.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer(and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 density,nmass per unit volume at a specified tem-perature.3.1.2 relative density,nthe ratio of the density of amaterial at a stated temperature to the density